{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T16:35:47Z","timestamp":1772037347545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,29]],"date-time":"2005-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary:\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Purpose:<\/jats:italic> Low\u2010frequency electrical and magnetic stimulation of cortical brain regions has been shown to reduce cortical excitability and to decrease the susceptibility to seizures in humans and in vivo models of epilepsy. The induction of long\u2010term depression (LTD) or depotentiation of a seizure\u2010related long\u2010term potentiation has been proposed to be part of the underlying mechanism. With the low\u2010Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010model of epilepsy, this study investigated the effect of electrical LTD, chemical LTD, and depotentiation on the susceptibility of the entorhinal cortex to epileptiform activity.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic> The experiments were performed on isolated entorhinal cortex slices obtained from adult Wistar rats and mice. With extracellular recording techniques, we studied whether LTD induced by (a) three episodes of low\u2010frequency paired\u2010pulse stimulation (3 \u00d7 900 paired pulses at 1 Hz), and by (b) bath\u2010applied <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010aspartate (NMDA, 20 \u03bc<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>) changes time\u2010to\u2010onset, duration, and frequency of seizure\u2010like events (SLEs) induced by omitting MgSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> from the artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Next we investigated the consequences of depotentiation on SLEs themselves by applying low\u2010frequency stimulation after onset of low\u2010Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2013induced epileptiform activity.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> LTD, induced either by low\u2010frequency stimulation or by bath\u2010applied NMDA, had no effect on time\u2010to\u2010onset, duration, and frequency of SLEs compared with unconditioned slices. Low\u2010frequency stimulation after onset of SLEs did not suppress but induced SLEs that lasted for the time of stimulation and were associated with a simultaneous increase of the extracellular K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> concentration.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> Our study demonstrates that neither conditioning LTD nor brief low\u2010frequency stimulation decreases the susceptibility of the entorhinal cortex to low\u2010Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2013induced epileptiform activity. The present study does not support the hypothesis that low\u2010frequency brain stimulation exerts its anticonvulsant effect via the induction of LTD or depotentiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2005.41204.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,29]],"date-time":"2005-03-29T13:29:03Z","timestamp":1112102943000},"page":"509-516","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Electrical and Chemical Long\u2010term Depression Do Not Attenuate Low\u2010Mg<sup>2+<\/sup>\u2013induced Epileptiform Activity in the Entorhinal 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