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Indeed, much of the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease is directly attributable to the deposition of connective tissue elements in affected tissues. Elucidating the mechanisms that regulate the severity of schistosomiasis has been a major research objective over the past several years. Research conducted with DNA microarrays as well as investigations with a variety of gene knock\u2010out mice have been particularly helpful in achieving this goal. A notable accomplishment in the past few years was the identification of interleukin\u201013 (IL\u201013) and the IL\u201013 receptor complex as central regulators of disease progression in schistosomiasis. Liver fibrogenesis is severely decreased in infected IL\u201013\u2010deficient mice as well as in wildtype animals treated with IL\u201013 antagonists. In contrast, IL\u201013 effector function increases dramatically in IL\u201013 receptor \u03b12 (IL\u201013R\u03b12)\u2010deficient mice. These mice develop severe hepatic fibrosis, fail to downregulate granuloma formation in the chronic phase of <jats:italic>S. mansoni<\/jats:italic> infection, and succumb to the disease at an accelerated rate; thus, identifying the \u2018decoy\u2019 IL\u201013 receptor as a critical life sustaining \u2018off\u2019 switch for tissue damaging egg\u2010induced inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00176.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,10]],"date-time":"2004-09-10T14:18:34Z","timestamp":1094825914000},"page":"156-167","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":286,"title":["Immunopathogenesis of schistosomiasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"201","author":[{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Wynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allen 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