{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:34:21Z","timestamp":1791822861863,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,21]],"date-time":"2006-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Immunological Reviews"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary:\u2002<\/jats:bold> There is increasing evidence that agonist ligand presentation either intrathymically or extrathymically plays a crucial if not essential role in the generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Thus, it is possible to induce Tregs of any desired specificity <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The same goal can be achieved <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> by expanding antigen\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and retrovirally transducing them. In contrast, <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> expansion of Tregs is limited to antigens that have resulted in Treg generation <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Antigen\u2010specific Tregs can be used in cellular therapy with the goal to prevent autoimmune disease or even to interfere with established autoimmunity. The latter requires that the Tregs can suppress effector cells that have already caused harm, which is possible because of the antigen\u2010dependent homing properties of Tregs, i.e. these cells can accumulate in antigen\u2010draining lymph nodes and exit into inflamed tissue. Generally, the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> interference is dependent on cytokines such as transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 and interleukin\u201010 that were dispensable in <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> analysis of immunosuppression. The precise mechanisms of suppression remain enigmatic, however, but may be further elucidated by the molecular analysis of suppressed versus non\u2010suppressed T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00411.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,22]],"date-time":"2006-07-22T01:51:11Z","timestamp":1153533071000},"page":"163-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Making regulatory T cells with defined antigen specificity: role in autoimmunity and cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"212","author":[{"given":"Karsten","family":"Kretschmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Apostolou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elmar","family":"Jaeckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khashayarsha","family":"Khazaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Von Boehmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.3.1151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1079490"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni909"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni904"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3616623"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2321009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830260822"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/86302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030315"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni816"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1160"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.4.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03886"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041457"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.1.188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-10-3229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI20569"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1533365100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030422"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0501701102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.12.7259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040249"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.6.769"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.12.3395"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.9.5149"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh126"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.11.6526"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20042276"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400810101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80195-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.7.3348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040139"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0086"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-01-0151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.02.017","article-title":"In vitro expanded human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress effector T cell proliferation","volume":"115","author":"Earle KE","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.2.306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24685"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxh165"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1264"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200425887"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200636575"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00415.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.7.995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408197102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_2","article-title":"Regulatory T cells reversibly suppress CD8 killer cell function independent of effector differentiation","author":"Mempel TR","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040685"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1180"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.1.209","article-title":"Presence or absence of TGF\u2010beta determines IL\u20104\u2010induced generation of type 1 or type 2 CD8 T cell subsets","volume":"162","author":"Erard F","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["Immunological Reviews"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.0105-2896.2006.00411.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00411.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,15]],"date-time":"2023-10-15T07:37:41Z","timestamp":1697355461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00411.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,21]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00411.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00411.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0105-2896","1600-065X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0105-2896","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-065X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,21]]}}}