{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T10:06:47Z","timestamp":1768126007160,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,10]],"date-time":"2003-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1071014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:<\/jats:bold> Microsatellite instability and reduced expression of mismatch repair proteins were reported in melanomas. However, little is known about the mutational changes of the mismatch repair genes in radial growth\u2010phase melanoma especially following UVB irradiation. To investigate these changes, an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> system consisting of radial growth\u2010phase Wistar melanoma cell lines (WM35, WM3211 and WM1650) was established. The cells were UVB irradiated (10 mJ\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), and evaluated for mutational changes of exon regions 13, 16 and 19 (hMLH1) and 6, 7 and 12 (hMSH2) of these genes before and after irradiation. The genomic DNAs were PCR amplified and the products were directly sequenced. Transition (C\u2192T, G\u2192A, T\u2192C) and transversion (G\u2192T, A\u2192T) mutations were found in exons 6, 16 and 19. Some were present in both the sham\u2010irradiated and UV\u2010irradiated cells but others were only detected after UVB irradiation. hMLH1 and hMSH2 gene mutations occur early in melanoma tumorigenesis. The ability of UVB irradiation to induce additional mutations in these repair genes suggests its possible role in melanoma pathogenesis. Further investigation will be needed to determine whether mutations such as these contribute to the development of microsatellite instability in melanoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2003.00104.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,10]],"date-time":"2003-12-10T20:42:29Z","timestamp":1071088949000},"page":"872-875","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["hMLH1 and hMSH2 gene mutations are present in radial growth\u2010phase cutaneous malignant melanoma cell lines and can be induced further by ultraviolet\u2010B irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud R.","family":"Hussein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary S.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0560.2001.280702.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200108000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.14.5605"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-7992(89)90091-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-200202000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"3798","article-title":"Genomic DNA\u2010based hMSH2 and hMLH1 mutation screening in 32 Eastern United States hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer pedigrees","volume":"57","author":"Weber T K","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"2151","article-title":"Wolf DA, Kind P. 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