{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T21:51:29Z","timestamp":1790373089109,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,13]],"date-time":"2005-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1121212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a severe autoimmune bullous disorder, characterized by autoantibodies (autoAb) against desmoglein 1 (Dsg1). As T cells may be critical in the pathology of PF, the aim of the present study was to identify and characterize autoaggressive T\u2010helper cells reactive to Dsg1 in PF patients and healthy individuals. Eight patients with the clinical diagnosis of PF and six HLA class II\u2010matched healthy individuals were examined. By magnetic cell\u2010sorting (MACS) cytokine\u2010secretion assay, Dsg1\u2010responsive T\u2010helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells were isolated and cloned by limiting dilution. The generated T\u2010cell clones (TCC) were characterized regarding proliferative response, TCR V\u03b2\u2010chain usage, and cytokine profile upon <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> stimulation with Dsg1. Both Dsg1\u2010reactive Th1 and Th2 cells were detected in PF patients and controls at similar frequencies. A total of 15 Th1 and Th2 clones were isolated from patients and 27 TCC from healthy controls. Analysis of TCR V\u03b2\u2010chain usage of autoreactive T cells from both groups revealed no predominance of a specific V\u03b2 chain. Noteworthy, the isolated TCC showed a polarized Th1\u2010 or Th2\u2010like phenotype upon <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> culture and stable expression of Th1 or Th2 cytokines during long\u2010term <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> culture. In summary, our data demonstrate that T\u2010cell autoreactivity against Dsg1 is not restricted to patients with PF. Moreover, both Th1 and Th2 cells were present in patients and healthy donors, suggesting that the loss of B\u2010cell tolerance against Dsg1 in PF is not exclusively determined by the presence of autoaggressive T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.00329.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T09:35:10Z","timestamp":1133948110000},"page":"586-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["<i>Ex vivo<\/i> analysis of desmoglein 1\u2010responsive T\u2010helper (Th) 1 and Th2 cells in patients with pemphigus foliaceus and healthy individuals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kerstin L.","family":"Gebhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian 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