{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:36:49Z","timestamp":1773103009521,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,13]],"date-time":"2005-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1121212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract:\u2002<\/jats:bold>The gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic hypersensitivity is skin patch testing with the suspected allergens. This diagnostic tool, however, has distinct disadvantages, and therefore the development of alternative or complementary<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>tests is of great importance. In this study, we evaluate the applicability of an<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>test method, as developed earlier for nickel allergy, to detect allergen\u2010specific T cells in the blood of patients allergic to frequent sensitizers (chromate, cobalt, paraphenylenediamine, fragrances and chloromethyl\u2010isothiazolinone). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of allergic patients and healthy controls were cultured in the absence or presence of allergen. Additionally, type 1 (IL\u20107 and IL\u201012) or type 2 (IL\u20107 and IL\u20104) stimulating cytokines were added; after 6\u2010day proliferation, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20105 secretions were determined. Without the addition of cytokines, consistent allergen\u2010induced proliferation was observed in PBMCs of nickel\u2010allergic patients only. By contrast, the addition of type 1 or type 2 stimulating cytokines resulted in a significantly enhanced allergen\u2010specific proliferation for all allergens tested (sensitivity increased from 26 to 43% or 38%, respectively,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.05). In these cultures, allergen\u2010induced IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20105 secretion was also significantly increased, compared to healthy controls (<jats:italic>P\u2003&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u20030.05, for IFN\u2010\u03b3 sensitivity 79%, specificity 93%; for IL\u20105 sensitivity 74%, specificity 81%). In conclusion, these results demonstrate an increased proliferative capacity and cytokine production by allergen\u2010specific T cells from allergic patients, but not of healthy individuals upon stimulation with allergens in combination with type 1 or 2 skewing cytokines. The present data warrant further exploration of the application of this test to a broader set of allergens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.00344.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T09:35:10Z","timestamp":1133948110000},"page":"634-640","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Improved detection of allergen\u2010specific T\u2010cell responses in allergic contact dermatitis through the addition of \u2018cytokine cocktails\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Helen","family":"Moed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Von Blomberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derk P.","family":"Bruynzeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rik","family":"Scheper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Rustemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2001.00086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/ALP25374"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1396-0296.2004.04033.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2003.489"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00621.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-10302-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1990.tb08276.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000074905"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2003.01700.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02045.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.05975.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12874656"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2003.05750.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.2340\/0001555563296303","article-title":"Lymphocyte stimulation by trivalent and hexavalent chromium compounds in patients with chromium sensitivity. 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