{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T23:09:02Z","timestamp":1756076942994},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1160006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Skin Research and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background: <\/jats:bold> Easily applicable water\u2010specific instruments measuring local oedema in skin are not available. The aim of this study is to demonstrate quantitative assessment of skin oedema with the dielectric technique by measuring increase of skin water content related to sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)\u2010induced irritant contact dermatitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> Irritant skin reaction and resulting oedema were induced by an irritant patch test on volar forearms in 12 healthy volunteers with the application of 1% SLS for 6\u2003h. After occlusion the volunteers were divided into two groups: the patch test site of group I (six volunteers) received no treatment other than a base cream for the skin reaction, while for group II (six volunteers) a strong corticosteroid (clobetasol propionate) was applied on the irritant skin. During a follow\u2010up of 72\u2003h, erythema was scored visually, and irritant\u2010induced oedema was measured with a novel water\u2010specific instrument MoistureMeter\u2010D.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> In the untreated irritant skin, a maximum increase of 45% in skin water content was found at 10\u2003h postocclusion and water content was still elevated at 72\u2003h. With these persons, the degree of oedema agreed well with the ultrasound\u2010measured skin thickness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.053). In the corticosteroid\u2010treated skin, an increase of 8% in water content was measured during 72\u2003h but there was no correlation between oedema and skin thickness. There was no correlation between erythema and oedema in untreated or corticosteroid\u2010treated skin.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion: <\/jats:bold> The new instrument can easily be applied for noninvasive quantitative evaluation of local oedema and fluid retention in irritant\u2010exposed skin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0909-752x.2006.00162.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]],"date-time":"2006-10-05T15:54:50Z","timestamp":1160063690000},"page":"235-240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Measurement of oedema in irritant\u2010exposed skin by a dielectric technique"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Miettinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"M\u00f6nkk\u00f6nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.\u2010R.","family":"Lahtinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Nuutinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Lahtinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","first-page":"813","article-title":"Abnormalities of the foot in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"157","author":"Moore TE","year":"1991","journal-title":"findings on MR imaging"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"The use of MRI in the diagnosis of chronic lymphedema of the lower extremity","volume":"13","author":"Haaverstad R","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1995.tb00716.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/24\/2\/313"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"A novel method of studying total body water content using a resonant cavity","volume":"48","author":"Robinson MP","journal-title":"experiments and numerical simulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/43\/3\/001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-8140(97)00234-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802296"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/25\/2\/004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1984.tb00341.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02218.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","first-page":"947","article-title":"Influence of body water distribution on skin thickness","volume":"144","author":"Eisenbeiss C","year":"2001","journal-title":"measurements using high-frequency ultrasound"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2001.04430.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.720202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Dielectric properties of tissue and biological materials","volume":"17","author":"Foster KR","year":"1989","journal-title":"a critical review"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/42\/7\/020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.1980.4314902"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","first-page":"543","article-title":"Sodium lauryl sulphate for irritant patch testing","volume":"95","author":"Agner T","year":"1990","journal-title":"a dose\u2013response study using bioengineering methods for determination of skin irritation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","unstructured":"NuutinenJ.Skin dielectric constant at high radiofrequency with special emphasis on radiation\u2010induced late skin reaction. 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