{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T12:38:03Z","timestamp":1773146283045,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,27]],"date-time":"2004-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1083024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":26,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transfusion Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>summary<\/jats:sc><\/jats:bold> In many countries, screening of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in blood donors is limited to HBsAg testing. However, if anti\u2010HBc testing and sensitive HBV nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for routine screening are not prescribed, HBV viraemia might remain unrecognized. A clinically inconspicuous HBsAg\u2010negative 35\u2010year\u2010old female blood donor was detected with anti\u2010HBc antibodies following the introduction of anti\u2010HBc screening of donors. Based on her history, she had seroconverted to anti\u2010HBs positive (titre &gt;7000\u2003IU\/L) after vaccination. Blood donations were routinely tested HBV\u2010DNA negative by minipool NAT. The individual donor samples were reinvestigated by an ultrasensitive NAT with a lower detection limit of 3\u00b78\u2003IU\/mL. Intermittent HBV viraemia was detected over a 7\u2010year period from this donor, with a concentration ranging from 8 to 260\u2003IU\/mL. In the subsequent donor\u2010directed lookback study, no post\u2010transfusion hepatitis was detected. Low\u2010level HBV viraemia in simultaneous anti\u2010HBc\u2010 and anti\u2010HBs\u2010positive blood donors could only be identified with enhanced sensitivity individual polymerase chain reaction assays and is not detectable by pool HBV NAT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0958-7578.2004.0486.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,27]],"date-time":"2004-04-27T13:17:14Z","timestamp":1083071834000},"page":"97-103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Low\u2010level viraemia of hepatitis B virus in an anti\u2010HBc\u2010 and anti\u2010HBs\u2010positive blood 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