{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T23:38:39Z","timestamp":1794267519511,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,6]],"date-time":"2012-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acne vulgaris is characteristic of excess sebum production and the induction of inflammatory reactions, for example, the augmentation of cytokine, prostaglandin (PG) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production in sebaceous glands and pilosebaceous units. As <jats:italic>Propionibacterium acnes<\/jats:italic> is considered to be involved in the aggravation of acne vulgaris, antimicrobial agents have been found to be effective for treating acne leading to the remission of inflammation. However, it is not fully understood whether antimicrobial agents influence sebum production and\/or the inflammatory reactions in sebaceous gland cells (sebocytes). In the present study, topical antimicrobial agents such as nadifloxacin (NDFX) and clindamycin (CLDM) decreased the production of triacylglycerols (TG), which are a major component of sebum in insulin\u2010differentiated hamster sebocytes. These antibiotics also suppressed insulin\u2010augmented gene expression and the production of perilipin, by which intracellular lipid droplet formation was concomitantly inhibited. On the other hand, peptidoglycan (PGN) from Gram\u2010positive bacteria dose\u2010dependently increased TG production in hamster sebocytes. The augmented TG production was decreased by treating NDFX or CLDM. Furthermore, NDFX and CLDM inhibited the PGN\u2010augmented PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> production in the sebocytes. Moreover, NDFX, but not CLDM, suppressed the PGN\u2010augmented gene expression and production of pro\u2010MMP\u20102\/progelatinase A in hamster sebocytes. Therefore, these results provide novel evidence that NDFX and CLDM exhibit anti\u2010lipogenesis and anti\u2010inflammatory activities against insulin\u2010 or PGN\u2010activated sebocytes which at least partly mimic acne pathology <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Moreover, NDFX for acne therapy is likely to be effective in not only inhibiting microbial proliferation but also in preventing the onset of acne scar formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2012.01525.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,7]],"date-time":"2012-03-07T04:36:04Z","timestamp":1331094964000},"page":"774-780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Novel anti\u2010acne actions of nadifloxacin and clindamycin that inhibit the production of sebum, prostaglandin E<sub>2<\/sub> and promatrix metalloproteinase\u20102 in hamster 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