{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T04:10:43Z","timestamp":1792728643193,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]],"date-time":"2012-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The inhibitory effects of an extract of the blackcurrant (\n                    <jats:italic>Ribes nigrum L.<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) against pathogens associated with oral, nasopharyngeal and upper respiratory infectious diseases; namely respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A and B (IFV\u2010A and IFV\u2010B), adenovirus (AdV), herpes simplex virus type 1,\n                    <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                    type B,\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , were investigated. Less than 1% concentration of extract of blackcurrant inhibited replication of RSV, IFV\u2010A and \u2010B and HSV\u20101 by over 50% and a 10% extract inhibited adsorption of these viruses onto the cell surface by over 95%. The effects on AdV were much less pronounced; the half minimal inhibitory concentration of AdV replication was 2.54 \u00b1 0.26, and a 10% concentration of the extract inhibited AdV adsorption on the cell surface by 72.9 \u00b1 3.4%. The antibacterial activities of the blackcurrant were evaluated based on its efficacy as a disinfectant. A 10% extract disinfected 99.8% of\n                    <jats:italic>H. Influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                    type B and 78.9% of\n                    <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    in 10 min, but had no demonstrable effect against\n                    <jats:italic>S. mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The blackcurrant extract still showed antiviral and antibacterial activities after the pH had been made neutral with sodium hydroxide, suggesting that these activities are not the result of acidic reactions or of components precipitated at a neutral pH. These findings demonstrate the potential of blackcurrant extract as a functional food for oral care.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2012.00510.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,18]],"date-time":"2012-09-18T06:05:05Z","timestamp":1347948305000},"page":"805-809","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Anti\u2010viral and anti\u2010bacterial activities of an extract of blackcurrants (\n                    <i>Ribes nigrum L.<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Kazufumi","family":"Ikuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisatoshi","family":"Kaneko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuichi","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Ohashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuo","family":"Suzutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200600286"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200600279"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"120","article-title":"Enhancing health benefits of berries through phenolic antioxidant enrichment: focus on cranberry","volume":"14","author":"Vattem D.A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01537.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390209351916"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2004.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200600276"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2006.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200969070-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.33.1.92"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","first-page":"173","article-title":"An examination of the anti\u2010adherence activity of cranberry juice on urinary and nonurinary bacterial isolates","volume":"55","author":"Schmidt D.R.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Microbios"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac051700v"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)50751-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4028(200002)40:1<3::AID-JOBM3>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl220"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000088901"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199810083391516"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(99)00573-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2005.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","first-page":"209","article-title":"Activity of anthocyanins from fruit extract of Ribes nigrum L. against influenza A and B viruses","volume":"45","author":"Knox Y.M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","first-page":"1613","article-title":"Anthocyanin\u2010rich black currant extract suppresses the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"5","author":"Bishayee A.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Prod Commun"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2010.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1207"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.1995.1.361"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000403200205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/324429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.4.482"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.5.9906076"}],"container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1348-0421.2012.00510.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2012.00510.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T00:48:34Z","timestamp":1698626914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2012.00510.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2012.00510.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2012.00510.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0385-5600","1348-0421"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0385-5600","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-0421","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,29]]}}}