{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T03:27:26Z","timestamp":1791084446125,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,29]],"date-time":"2006-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A unique lymphocyte population, CD1d\u2010restricted NKT cells, has been revealed to be a key player in both the innate and acquired immune responses, including antitumor effects. Recent studies revealed that at least two subsets of CD1d\u2010restricted NKT cells exist: type I, having invariant V\u03b114 receptor; and type II, having heterogeneous non\u2010V\u03b114 receptor. The specific glycolipid ligand, \u03b1\u2010GalCer, effectively stimulates mouse and human type I NKT cells. The activation of type I NKT cells substantially influences function of other various cell types, particularly DC, NK cells, CD4 Th1 cells, and CD8 cytotoxic T cells, all contributing to the antitumor immune responses. Recent studies also indicated that, unlike type I NKT cells, type II NKT cells have a potential to repress antitumor immune responses. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of the antitumor immune responses mediated by both mouse and human CD1d\u2010restricted NKT cells and discuss their potential in clinical applications against cancer. 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