{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:14:06Z","timestamp":1791947646105,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,25]],"date-time":"2008-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1227571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that recognizes the CD20 antigen. It has been used to treat B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma (B\u2010NHL), but recently rituximab resistance has been a cause for concern. We examined histological and immunohistochemical changes in 59 patients with B\u2010NHL after rituximab therapy. The patients comprised 32 men and 27 women with a median age of 59\u00a0years. Pre\u2010rituximab specimens comprised 34 follicular lymphomas (FL), 11 diffuse large B\u2010cell lymphomas (DLBCL), 10 mantle cell lymphomas, two marginal zone B\u2010cell lymphomas (MZBCL), and two chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL). CD20 expression in lymphoma cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry. Post\u2010rituximab materials were taken a median of 6\u00a0months (4\u00a0days to 59\u00a0months) after rituximab therapy. Sixteen cases (27%) showed loss of CD20 expression with four histological patterns: pattern 1, no remarkable histological change (FL, 5; DLBCL, 3; and CLL, 2); pattern 2, proliferation of plasmacytoid cells (FL, 2; DLBCL, 1; and MZBCL, 1); pattern 3, transformation to classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (FL, 1); and pattern 4, transformation to anaplastic large cell lymphoma\u2010like undifferentiated lymphoma (FL, 1). Loss of CD20 was unrelated to the interval of biopsies, treatment regimen, clinical response, and frequency of rituximab administration. Loss of CD20 within 1\u00a0month of rituximab therapy (3\/14, 21%) and regain of CD20 (2\/7, 29%) were not frequent. CD20\u2010positive relapse with transformation occurred most frequently in cases of early relapse. In conclusion, B\u2010NHL showed various histological and immunophenotypic changes after rituximab therapy, including not only CD20 loss but also proliferation of plasmacytoid cells or transformation to special subtypes of lymphoma. (<jats:italic>Cancer Sci <\/jats:italic>2009; 100: 54\u201361)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2008.01005.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,25]],"date-time":"2008-11-25T23:24:18Z","timestamp":1227655458000},"page":"54-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Histological and immunophenotypic changes in 59 cases of B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma after rituximab therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Akiko 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