{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:25:56Z","timestamp":1789608356866,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,13]],"date-time":"2012-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1344816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"\n We expanded\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n specific for\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax (a human\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010lymphotropic virus type\u20101\u2010encoded gene product)\n in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>\n from\n PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>\n of several adult\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010cell leukemia\/lymphoma (\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) patients, and document its potential significance as a target for\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n immunotherapy. Tax\u2010specific\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n responses against tumor cells were restricted by\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax\u2010expression and the appropriate human leukocyte antigen (\n HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) type. Tax\u2010specific\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n recognized\n HLA\/T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax\u2010peptide complexes on autologous\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells, even when their\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax expression was so low that it could only be detected by\n RT\u2010PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n but not by flow cytometry. Recognition resulted in interferon gamma (\n IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\u03b3) production and target cell lysis. This would be the first report that\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax\u2010specific\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n from\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients specifically recognized and killed autologous tumor cells that expressed\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax. The\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax\u2010specific\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n responded to as little as 0.01\u00a0p\n M<\/jats:styled-content>\n of the corresponding peptide, indicating that their\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010cell receptor avidity was much higher than that of any other\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n recognizing viral or other tumor antigens. This is presumably the reason why the\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax\u2010specific\n CTL<\/jats:styled-content>\n recognized and killed autologous\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells despite their very low\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax expression. In addition, cell cycle analyses and experiments with primary\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n cell\u2010bearing mice demonstrated that\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells present at the site of active cell proliferation, such as in the tumor masses, expressed substantial amounts of\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n ax, but it was minimally expressed by the tumor cells in a quiescent state, such as in the blood. The present study not only provides a strong rationale for exploiting Tax as a possible target for\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n immunotherapy but also contributes to our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of\n ATL<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2012.02371.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,27]],"date-time":"2012-06-27T02:31:38Z","timestamp":1340764298000},"page":"1764-1773","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Tax is a potential molecular target for immunotherapy of adult\n T<\/scp>\n \u2010cell leukemia\/lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Susumu","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology & Immunology Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya Japan"},{"name":"Department of Tumor Immunology Aichi Medical University School of Medicine Nagakute 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