{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:18:47Z","timestamp":1791137927653,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,18]],"date-time":"2004-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1077062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2003<\/jats:bold> We examined the association of substance abuse treatment with uptake, adherence and virological response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among HIV\u2010infected people with a history of alcohol problems.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2003<\/jats:bold> Prospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2003<\/jats:bold> A standardized questionnaire was administered to 349 HIV\u2010infected participants with a history of alcohol problems regarding demographics, substance use, use of substance abuse treatment and uptake of and adherence to HAART. These subjects were followed every 6\u2003months for up to seven occasions. We defined substance abuse treatment services as any of the following in the past 6\u2003months: 12\u2003weeks in a half\u2010way house or residential facility; 12 visits to a substance abuse counselor or mental health professional; or participation in any methadone maintenance program. Our outcome variables were uptake of antiretroviral therapy, 30\u2010day self\u2010reported adherence and HIV viral load suppression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Findings\u2003<\/jats:bold> At baseline, 59% (205\/349) of subjects were receiving HAART. Engagement in substance abuse treatment was independently associated with receiving antiretroviral therapy (adjusted OR; 95% CI: 1.70; 1.03\u20132.83). Substance abuse treatment was not associated with 30\u2010day adherence or HIV viral load suppression. More depressive symptoms (0.48; 0.32\u20130.78) and use of drugs or alcohol in the previous 30\u2003days (0.17; 0.11\u20130.28) were associated with worse 30\u2010day adherence. HIV viral load suppression was positively associated with higher doses of antiretroviral medication (1.29; 1.15\u20131.45) and older age (1.04; 1.00\u20131.07) and negatively associated with use of drugs or alcohol in the previous 30\u2003days (0.51; 0.33\u20130.78).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2003<\/jats:bold> Substance abuse treatment was associated with receipt of HAART; however, it was not associated with adherence or HIV viral load suppression. Substance abuse treatment programs may provide an opportunity for HIV\u2010infected people with alcohol or drug problems to openly address issues of HIV care including enhancing adherence to HAART.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00670.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,17]],"date-time":"2004-12-17T21:15:00Z","timestamp":1103318100000},"page":"361-368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["Uptake and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV\u2010infected people with alcohol and other substance use problems: the impact of substance abuse treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Anita","family":"Palepu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Tibbetts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seville","family":"Meli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey H.","family":"Samet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200212153-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(18)30622-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/323201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.90.5.699"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.278.1.63"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200202011-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Why is highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) not prescribed or discontinued? Swiss HIV Cohort Study","volume":"21","author":"Bassetti S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(01)00176-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-115-10-774"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.3.381"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.53.1.4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200109070-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.6.544"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2003.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03350140051025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(01)00171-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.13.1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"S61","article-title":"Attaining higher goals in HIV treatment: the central importance of adherence","volume":"13","author":"Friedland G. H.","year":"1999","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.2002.63.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"659","article-title":"Improved survival among HIV\u2010infected patients after initiation of triple\u2010drug antiretroviral regimens","volume":"160","author":"Hogg R. S.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120220123685"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0740-5472(03)00026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.18.2355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200203010-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02599920"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200107010-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200203290-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200001280-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-199912010-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200105250-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199504120-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199803263381301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200304150-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-1-200007040-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462991914654"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00898416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1990.51.506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)80010-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","unstructured":"Samet J. H. Horton N. J. Dukes K. Meli S. Tripp T. Labelle C.&Freedberg K. A.(2002) Randomized controlled trial of a multi\u2010dimensional intervention to enhance adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV\u2010infected patients with a history of alcohol problems [abstract].XIV International Aids Conference Barcelona."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.155.15.1629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samet J. H. Phillips S. J. Horton N. J. Traphagen E. T.&Freedberg K. A.(2004)Detecting alcohol problems in HIV\u2010infected patients: use of the CAGE questionnaire.AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses in press.","DOI":"10.1089\/088922204773004860"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/ADA-100100600"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322698"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.6.547"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200212153-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.20122.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-200105010-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2531248"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1360-0443.2003.00670.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00670.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T19:03:10Z","timestamp":1698778990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00670.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,18]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00670.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2003.00670.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2004-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}