{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:20:52Z","timestamp":1789514452536,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,7]],"date-time":"2006-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1152230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim\u2003<\/jats:bold> To examine the use of crystal methamphetamine (crystal meth) and its association with high\u2010risk sexual behaviour among gay men in London.\u200a<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>\u200aDesign\u2003<\/jats:bold> Cross\u2010sectional surveys using self\u2010administered questionnaires.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Settings\u2003<\/jats:bold> National Health Service (NHS) out\u2010patient human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment clinic in London; NHS HIV testing\/sexual health clinics in London; central London gyms.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>\u200aParticipants\u2003<\/jats:bold> HIV\u2010positive gay men attending the HIV treatment clinic in 2002\u201303 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003388); HIV\u2010negative gay men attending the HIV testing\/sexual health clinics in 2002\u201303 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003266); gay men using the gyms between January and March 2003 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003445), 2004 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003653) and 2005 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u2003494).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements\u2003<\/jats:bold> Percentage of gay men who reported: (i) using crystal meth in the previous 12\u2003months; (ii) using other recreational drugs (e.g. cocaine, ecstasy, ketamine); (iii) high\u2010risk sexual behaviour in the previous 3\u2003months.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Findings\u2003<\/jats:bold> The percentage of gay men who had used crystal meth in the previous year varied by sample (HIV treatment clinic, 12.6%; HIV testing\/sexual health clinics, 8.3%; gyms, 19.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001) but did not change over time in the gyms (19.8%, 20.7%, 17.8%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.5). In all samples, the majority of men used crystal meth only once or twice a year. Most crystal meth users (&gt;\u200380%) had taken other recreational drugs. Crystal meth and other drug users were more likely to report high\u2010risk sexual behaviour than other men, e.g. HIV treatment clinic sample: crystal meth users, 34.7%; other drug users, 18.9%, non\u2010users, 10.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001. Cause and effect could not be established.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2003<\/jats:bold> Among gay men in London surveyed in clinics, approximately one in 10 reported using crystal meth in the previous 12\u2003months (HIV\u2010positive men 12.6%; HIV\u2010negative men 8.3%). Most men used it infrequently\u2014only once or twice a year. There was no evidence of increasing use of crystal meth between 2003 and 2005.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01571.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,8]],"date-time":"2006-07-08T01:28:14Z","timestamp":1152322094000},"page":"1622-1630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Use of crystal methamphetamine among gay men in London"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Graham","family":"Bolding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Sherr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Elford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200112010-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J041v14n04_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.6.953"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-3289(01)00060-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000167350.00503.db"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","volume-title":"Gay Community Periodic Survey Melbourne 2003.","author":"Hull P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J082v41n02_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200006010-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(98)00134-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200001070-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000180794.27896.fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381975"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.78.6.398"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","unstructured":"ElfordJ.Behavioural surveillance in London gyms: trends comparisons and methodological strengths.Paper presented at the Behavioural Surveillance Collaborators\u2019 Meeting Health Protection Agency London 2002."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","volume-title":"Mapping the issues. 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