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The purpose of these experiments is to develop animal models to understand the long\u2010lasting influences of methamphetamine exposure on cerebral cortex and cognitive function.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2003<\/jats:bold>The approach taken is to administer a regimen of methamphetamine known to be neurotoxic to dopamine and serotonin nerve terminals in the rat, and to investigate the influences of that dosing regimen on (i) cortical neuron integrity and function using anatomical stains and (ii) novel object recognition memory.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2003<\/jats:bold>In rodents, repeated administration of methamphetamine during a single day produces long\u2010lasting damage to striatal dopamine and forebrain serotonin terminals as well as degeneration of somatosensory cortical neurons. The degeneration of somatosensory cortical neurons may represent only the most visible form of long\u2010term deleterious effects on cerebral cortex, as exposure of rats to methamphetamine can reduce the immediate early gene responses of neurons in widespread cortical areas, even long after exposure to the drug. Together with the death and long\u2010lasting functional impairments of cortical neurons, rats exposed to methamphetamine have impaired cognitive function. When tested for object recognition memory, methamphetamine\u2010treated rats show deficiencies lasting for at least 3 weeks after drug exposure.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2003<\/jats:bold>Using a rodent model, these findings provide an avenue to study the cortical influences of methamphetamine and their cognitive sequelae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01780.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,27]],"date-time":"2007-02-27T14:51:26Z","timestamp":1172587886000},"page":"61-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Methamphetamine\u2010induced neural and cognitive changes in rodents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"John F.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabelle M.","family":"Belcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin M.","family":"Feinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"O'Dell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2005.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-8716(76)90030-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00500283"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(79)90414-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)90198-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1988.tb42104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(89)90728-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(80)91265-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.890110404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90201-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91712-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-17-07653.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)01152-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00419.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0742217.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2003.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(80)90952-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","first-page":"257","article-title":"Long\u2010term effects of multiple doses of methamphetamine on tryptophan hydroxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase activity in rat brain","volume":"214","author":"Hotchkiss A. 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