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Dimensional, latent class and factor mixture models were fit to the opioid abuse and dependence data. Classes were then compared on a range of demographic and clinical covariates.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Findings\u2003<\/jats:bold> A two\u2010class, one\u2010factor model provided the best fit of all the models tested. The two classes differed with respect to endorsement probabilities on a range of abuse and dependence criteria, and also with respect to the odds of other drug dependence diagnoses, antisocial personality disorder and non\u2010fatal opioid overdose. Within\u2010class severity was associated with similar variables: other drug dependence, borderline personality disorder and opioid overdose.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2003<\/jats:bold> In an in\u2010treatment, opioid\u2010dependent sample, there appears to be two classes of individuals exhibiting distinct patterns of abuse and dependence criteria endorsement and to differ on externalizing but not internalizing disorders. This study provides preliminary evidence that the proposed DSM\u2010V opioid use disorder distinction between moderate and severely dependent people is valid. Class one participants were not only more severely dependent, but had greater odds for opioid overdoses, other drug dependence and antisocial personality disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03217.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,6]],"date-time":"2010-10-06T16:20:39Z","timestamp":1286382039000},"page":"590-598","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Opioid dependence latent structure: two classes with differing severity?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Fiona L.","family":"Shand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Slade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louisa","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Baillie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elliot C.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230500286039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952999709001686"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674370605101002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychological Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.4.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","first-page":"166A","article-title":"Empirical subtyping of alcohol dependence in a nationally representative sample: a latent class analysis","volume":"30","author":"Moss H. 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