{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T17:00:36Z","timestamp":1783443636304,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]],"date-time":"2011-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1304380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims\u2003<\/jats:bold>This paper examines (i) gender and country differences in negative consequences related to drinking; (ii) relative rates of different consequences; and (iii) country\u2010level predictors of consequences.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design, setting and participants\u2003<\/jats:bold>Multi\u2010level analyses used survey data from the Gender, Alcohol, and Culture: An International Study (GENACIS) collaboration.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements\u2003<\/jats:bold>Measures included 17 negative consequences grouped into (i) high endorsement acute, (ii) personal and (iii) social. Country\u2010level measures included average frequency and quantity of drinking, percentage who were current drinkers, gross domestic product (GDP) and Human Development Index (HDI).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Findings\u2003<\/jats:bold>Overall, the three groupings of consequences were reported by 44%, 12% and 7% of men and by 31%, 6% and 3% of women, respectively. More men than women endorsed all consequences, but gender differences were greatest for consequences associated with chronic drinking and social consequences related to male roles. The highest prevalence of consequences was in Uganda and lowest in Uruguay. Personal and social consequences were more likely in countries with higher usual quantity, fewer current drinkers and lower scores on GDP and HDI. However, significant interactions with individual\u2010level quantity indicated a stronger relationship between consequences and usual quantity among drinkers in countries with lower quantity, more current drinkers and higher scores on GDP and HDI.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2003<\/jats:bold>Both gender and country need to be taken into consideration when assessing adverse drinking consequences. Individual measures of alcohol consumption and country\u2010level variables are associated with experiencing such consequences. Additionally, country\u2010level variables affect the strength of the relationship between usual quantity consumed by individuals and adverse consequences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03425.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,11]],"date-time":"2011-03-11T14:46:27Z","timestamp":1299854787000},"page":"1391-1405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Alcohol\u2010related negative consequences among drinkers around the world"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Graham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon","family":"Bernards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Knibbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Kairouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Kuntsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon C.","family":"Wilsnack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas K.","family":"Greenfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Dietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isidore","family":"Obot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Gmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2006.09.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","volume-title":"Road User Interactions: Patterns of Road Use and Perceptions of Driving Risk","author":"Chareton S. 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