{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T21:59:45Z","timestamp":1780696785928,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Addiction"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims\u2003<\/jats:bold> To determine the effect of methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) on mortality among injection drug users.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design\u2003<\/jats:bold> A cohort of prisoners with a history of injecting opiates who were followed after their release from prison in July 2007. Mortality between July 2007 and December 2008 was determined by linking the National Death Registry with the Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) database.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Setting\u2003<\/jats:bold> Taiwan.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Participants\u2003<\/jats:bold> A total of 4357 amnestied prisoners with a history of opiate injection.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Measurements\u2003<\/jats:bold> The total mortality rates (MR) among the cohort were calculated based on their person\u2010time contribution to methadone attendance and re\u2010incarceration during follow\u2010up. We used survival methods with MMT and re\u2010incarceration as time\u2010varying covariates adjusted for length of follow\u2010up in the community.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2003<\/jats:bold> A total of 142 deaths occurred: 13 in the 1st week after release [MR\u2003=\u200313.7\/100 person\u2010years (pyrs)], which was greater than that in the next 4 weeks [MR\u2003=\u20033.2\/100\u2003pyrs, relative rate (RR)\u2003=\u20034.3, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001]. Overall, 1982 (46%) subjects enrolled in MMT; however, 1282 of them discontinued MMT after enrolling.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Findings\u2003<\/jats:bold> The mortality among those who continued in MMT attendance was lower (MR\u2003=\u20030.24\/100\u2003pyrs) than those who never enrolled in MMT (MR\u2003=\u20032.6\/100\u2003pyrs) or those who enrolled but dropped out of MMT (MR\u2003=\u20037.0\/100\u2003pyrs) after adjusting for age, gender and human immunodeficiency virus status at amnesty (RR\u2003=\u20030.07).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2003<\/jats:bold> In ex\u2010prisoners in Taiwan with a history of opiate injecting, enrollment and continued participation in methadone maintenance treatment is associated with substantially lower mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03443.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,25]],"date-time":"2011-03-25T10:29:31Z","timestamp":1301048971000},"page":"1437-1445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Mortality among a cohort of drug users after their release from prison: an evaluation of the effectiveness of a harm reduction program in Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Yen\u2010Fang","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsu\u2010Sung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin\u2010Yin","family":"Lew\u2010Ting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chin\u2010Hui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tzu\u2010I.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Gange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenrad E.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa064115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2003.00264.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2007.02081.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(98)00098-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7129.426"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03140.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1999.tb127675.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(03)00002-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.1995.90571112.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.5.774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(98)00097-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c3172"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2002.00179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60291-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1204.050762"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.qai.0000214818.80539.da"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513437"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","unstructured":"HuangY. 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YangC.An action plan report in Taiwan for the commutated injection drug users released in 2007. 19th International Harm Reduction Conference Taipeh Taiwan 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwm324"}],"container-title":["Addiction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1360-0443.2011.03443.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03443.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T06:42:38Z","timestamp":1697524958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03443.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03443.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2011.03443.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0965-2140","1360-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0965-2140","type":"print"},{"value":"1360-0443","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-05-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}