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This increases to a 24\/33% relative reduction at 40\/60% coverage. Marginally less impact occurs in higher prevalence settings over 10 years, but this becomes more pronounced over time. In the United Kingdom, without current coverage levels of OST<\/jats:styled-content> and 100%NSP<\/jats:styled-content> the chronic HCV<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence could be 65% instead of 40%. However, increasing OST<\/jats:styled-content> and 100%NSP<\/jats:styled-content> coverage further is unlikely to reduce chronic prevalence to less than 30% over 10 years unless coverage becomes \u226580%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Scaling\u2010up opiate substitution therapy and high coverage needle and syringe programmes can reduce hepatitis C<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence among injecting drug users, but reductions can be modest and require long\u2010term sustained intervention coverage. In high coverage settings, other interventions are needed to further decrease hepatitis C<\/jats:styled-content> prevalence. In low coverage settings, sustained scale\u2010up of both interventions is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2012.03932.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,7]],"date-time":"2012-05-07T12:43:37Z","timestamp":1336394617000},"page":"1984-1995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Can needle and syringe programmes and opiate substitution therapy achieve substantial reductions in hepatitis C<\/scp> virus prevalence? 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