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The available fetal data suggest buprenorphine results in less physiological suppression of fetal heart rate and movements than methadone. Regarding neonatal effects, perhaps the single definitive conclusion is that prenatal buprenorphine treatment results in a clinically significant less severe neonatal abstinence syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAS<\/jats:styled-content>) than treatment with methadone. The limited research suggests that, like methadone, buprenorphine is compatible with breastfeeding. Data available thus far suggest that there are no deleterious effects of<jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>buprenorphine exposure on infant development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While buprenorphine produces a less severe neonatal abstinence syndrome than methadone, both methadone and buprenorphine are important parts of a complete comprehensive treatment approach for opioid\u2010dependent pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2012.04035.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]],"date-time":"2012-10-29T16:30:49Z","timestamp":1351528249000},"page":"5-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":147,"title":["Buprenorphine treatment of opioid\u2010dependent pregnant women: a comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Hendr\u00e9e E.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Obstetrics and Gynecology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"},{"name":"RTI International Research Triangle Park NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah H.","family":"Heil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology University of Vermont Burlington VT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andjela","family":"Baewert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia M.","family":"Arria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Young Adult Health and Development School of Public Health University of Maryland College Park MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Kaltenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics, and Psychiatry and Human Behavior Jefferson Medical College Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mara G.","family":"Coyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Selby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine Department of Psychiatry Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Sciences University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan M.","family":"Stine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences Wayne State University Detroit MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Fischer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Public Health Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8545(05)70362-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"455","volume-title":"Methadone Treatment for Opioid Dependence","author":"Jones H. 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