{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T20:59:57Z","timestamp":1770411597368,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,14]],"date-time":"2004-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1087171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Because of the great differences in hydrostatic pressure acting along the blood vessels in the erect posture, leg vessels are exposed to greater transmural pressures than arm vessels. The <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> pressure\u2013distension relationship of arteries, arterioles and veins in the arm were compared with those of the leg.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Experiments were performed with the subject (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200311) positioned in a pressure chamber with an arm or lower leg (test limb) extended at heart level through a hole in the chamber door. Intravascular pressure in the arm\/lower leg was increased by stepwise increasing chamber pressure to +180 and +210\u2003mmHg, respectively. Diameters of blood vessels and arterial flow were measured using ultrasonographic\/Doppler techniques. Changes in forearm and lower leg volumes were assessed using an impedance technique. The subject rated perceived pain in the test limb.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The brachial and radial arteries were found to be more distensible than the posterior tibial artery (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Likewise, the distension was more pronounced in the cephalic than in the great saphenous vein (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). In the brachial artery, but not in the posterior tibial artery, flow increased markedly at the highest levels of distending pressure (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). At the highest intravascular pressures, the rate of change in tissue impedance was greater in the forearm than the lower leg (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.01). At any given level of markedly increased pressure, pain was rated higher in the arm than in the leg (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> It seems that the wall stiffness of arteries, pre\u2010capillary resistance vessels and veins adapts to meet the long\u2010term demands imposed by the hydrostatic pressure acting locally on the vessel walls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-201x.2004.01291.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,14]],"date-time":"2004-06-14T14:19:08Z","timestamp":1087222748000},"page":"281-287","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Comparison of vascular distensibility in the upper and lower 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