{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:40:26Z","timestamp":1787499626062,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]],"date-time":"2005-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1109721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n In skeletal muscles, electrical shocks may elicit acute loss of force, possibly related to increased plasma membrane permeability, induced by electroporation (EP). We explore the role of the Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n pumps in force recovery after EP.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n Isolated rat soleus or extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were exposed to EP paradigms in the range 100\u2013800\u2003V\u2003cm\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n , and changes in tetanic force, Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n contents, membrane potential,\n 14<\/jats:sup>\n C\u2010sucrose space and the release of the intracellular enzyme lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) were characterized. The effects of Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n pump stimulation or inhibition were followed.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n Electroporation caused voltage\u2010dependent loss of force, followed by varying rates and degrees of recovery. EP induced a reversible loss of K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n and gain of Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n , which was not suppressed by tetrodotoxin, but associated with increased\n 14<\/jats:sup>\n C\u2010sucrose space and release of LDH. In soleus, EP at 500\u2003V\u2003cm\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n induced complete loss of force, followed by a spontaneous, partial recovery. Stimulation of active Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n transport by adrenaline, the\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n \u2010agonist salbutamol, calcitonin gene\u2010related peptide (CGRP) and dibutyryl cyclic AMP increased initial rate of force recovery by 183\u2013433% and steady\u2010state force level by 104\u2013143%. These effects were blocked by ouabain (10\n \u22123<\/jats:sup>\n \u2003\n m<\/jats:sc>\n ), which also completely suppressed spontaneous force recovery. EP caused rapid and marked depolarization, followed by a repolarization, which was accelerated by salbutamol. Also in EDL, EP caused complete loss of force, followed by a spontaneous partial recovery, which was markedly stimulated by salbutamol.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n Electroporation induces reversible depolarization, partial rundown of Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n gradients, cell membrane leakage and loss of force. This may explain the paralysis elicited by electrical shocks. Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n pump stimulation promotes restoration of contractility, possibly via its electrogenic action. The major new information is that the Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ,K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n pumps are sufficient to compensate a simple mechanical leakage. This may be important for force recovery in leaky muscle fibres.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-201x.2004.01394.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]],"date-time":"2005-03-02T08:27:16Z","timestamp":1109752036000},"page":"263-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Role of Na\n +<\/sup>\n ,K\n +<\/sup>\n pumps in restoring contractility following loss of cell membrane integrity in rat skeletal muscle"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Clausen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Gissel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_21_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1993.264.2.C419"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01081.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199007000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1041040"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.023325"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00011.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1991.261.5.C799"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10868.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_10_1","first-page":"R153","article-title":"Na+,K+\u2010pump stimulation restores contractility in muscles exposed to loss of cellular integrity induced by electroporation","volume":"181","author":"Clausen T.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1993.tb09512.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4165(99)00094-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00196.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bioeng.2.1.477"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.571bg.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2001.280.1.R48"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0215r.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.4.1411"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1963.205.6.1295","article-title":"Cell water, sodium and potassium in stimulated red and white mammalian muscles","volume":"205","author":"Sr\u00e9ter F.A.","year":"1963","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(98)00060-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_21_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1994.tb30444.x"}],"container-title":["Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-201X.2004.01394.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-201X.2004.01394.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T19:30:38Z","timestamp":1697225438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-201X.2004.01394.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-201X.2004.01394.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-201x.2004.01394.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6772","1365-201X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6772","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-201X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,3]]}}}