{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T17:59:07Z","timestamp":1793987947671,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,30]],"date-time":"2005-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Physiologica Scandinavica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To evaluate a specially developed photoplethysmographic (PPG) technique, using green and near\u2010infrared light sources, for simultaneous non\u2010invasive monitoring of skin and muscle perfusion.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Evaluation was based on assessments of changes in blood perfusion to various provocations, such as post\u2010exercise hyperaemia and hyperaemia following the application of liniment. The deep penetrating feature of PPG was investigated by measurement of optical radiation inside the muscle. Simultaneous measurements using ultrasound Doppler and the new PPG application were performed to elucidate differences between the two methods. Specific problems related to the influence of skin temperature on blood flow were highlightened, as well.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Following static and dynamic contractions an immediate increase in muscle perfusion was shown, without increase in skin perfusion. Liniment application to the skin induced a rapid increase in skin perfusion, but not in muscle. Both similarities and differences in blood flow measured by Ultrasound Doppler and PPG were demonstrated. The radiant power measured inside the muscle, by use of an optical fibre, showed that the near\u2010infrared light penetrates down to the vascular depth inside the muscle.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The results of this study indicate the potentiality of the method for non\u2010invasive measurement of local muscle perfusion, although some considerations still have to be accounted for, such as influence of temperature on blood perfusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-201x.2005.01412.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,30]],"date-time":"2005-03-30T10:12:31Z","timestamp":1112177551000},"page":"335-343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Non\u2010invasive monitoring of muscle blood perfusion by photoplethysmography: evaluation of a new application"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Sandberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Styf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Gerdle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.\u2010G.","family":"Lindberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_20_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/22\/2\/310"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1998.0331e.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201x.2000.00713.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_5_1","first-page":"125","volume-title":"Non\u2010Invasive Physiological Measurements: 1","author":"Challoner A.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3.64354"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/22\/1\/323"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/45\/12\/318"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1959.157"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.126.5.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-5629(85)90035-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.32.000435"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_13_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Evidence for skin microvascular compartmentalization by laser\u2010Doppler and photopletysmographic techniques","volume":"12","author":"Hales J.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Microcirc: Clin Exp"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000178950"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00240420"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_16_1","article-title":"A new probe for ankle systolic pressure measurement using photoplethysmography (PPG)","author":"J\u00f6nsson B.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomed Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-2607(89)90159-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-2862(90)90050-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02446295"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.60688"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/23\/3\/309"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_22_1","first-page":"130","article-title":"The application of blood flow measurements to the study of aging muscle","volume":"50","author":"McCully K.","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Geront A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.36.6.952"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_24_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Attenuation of the near\u2010infrared and red photoplethysmographic signal by different depth of tissues","volume":"3","author":"Niklas M.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.1980.326582"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/82.3.418"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.83.4.1383"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02447433"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668090-00006","article-title":"Chronic anterior\u2010compartment syndrome of the leg. 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