{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:35:43Z","timestamp":1793730943657,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]],"date-time":"2005-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold> :\u2002Current treatment of ulcerative colitis is imperfect. Trefoil peptides are known to stimulate repair in many models of injury, including animal models of colitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold> :\u2002To assess the efficacy of trefoil factor family\u20103 enema treatment in a clinical trial.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold> :\u2002A total of 16 patients with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate left sided ulcerative colitis were recruited into a double\u2010blind randomized placebo\u2010controlled study. Patients taking steroids or with proctitis only were excluded. Patients received 75\u2003mL enemas containing either human recombinant trefoil factor family\u20103 (10\u2003mg\/mL) or saline alone once a day for 14\u2003days. All patients also received an oral dose\u2010increment of 1.2\u2003g of mesalazine daily above their normal usage. Patients were assessed at 0, 2, 4 and 12\u2003weeks. Remission was defined as Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index of 0 or 1 with no blood in stool. Individual clinical improvement was defined as a Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index reduction of &gt;3. Data was analysed using chi\u2010square test and <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold> :\u2002Median Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index at entry were 8.5 (trefoil factor family\u20103 group) and 8 (placebo group). Analysed on an intention\u2010to\u2010treat basis, only one patient went into remission (in trefoil factor family\u20103 group at day 28). Clinical improvement was seen in two trefoil factor family\u20103 and three placebo patients on day 14 and two patients in each group on day 28.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold> :\u2002Increasing the dose of 5\u2010aminosalicylic acid was moderately effective in reducing the Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity Index but was insufficient to induce remission. Trefoil factor family\u20103 enemas were well\u2010tolerated but did not provide additional benefit above that of adding additional 5\u2010aminosalicylic acid alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02436.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]],"date-time":"2005-06-02T23:19:18Z","timestamp":1117754358000},"page":"1357-1364","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Trial of trefoil factor 3 enemas, in combination with oral 5\u2010aminosalicylic acid, for the treatment of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate left\u2010sided ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Melley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. J.","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Playford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92819-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07499-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020831"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00014a033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117332"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5285.262"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.15.6961"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.1.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"1599","article-title":"Restitution of wounded cornea by TFF\u2010peptides","volume":"45","author":"Jansen A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90621-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.5.636"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8566596"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5375.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296733"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90014-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1998.tb00647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0880401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0212529"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5285.259"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2002.01014.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.2.799"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"557","article-title":"Phosphorylation of beta\u2010catenin and epidermal growth factor receptor by intestinal trefoil factor","volume":"77","author":"Liu D","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013136"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.5.648"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198902000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002280000163"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-7-199304010-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","first-page":"1867","article-title":"A double blind comparison of oral versus rectal mesalamine versus combination therapy in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis","volume":"92","author":"Safdi M","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01589.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.28674"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.4.516"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2003.12.022"}],"container-title":["Alimentary Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2036.2005.02436.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02436.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T10:40:17Z","timestamp":1697193617000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02436.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02436.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02436.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2813","1365-2036"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2813","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2036","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}}}