{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T01:14:17Z","timestamp":1760577257173},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]],"date-time":"2006-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>About two\u2010thirds of patients with ulcerative colitis have an inflammatory involvement distal to the splenic flexure and therefore may be effectively treated with topical treatment. This allows the delivery of the active drug directly to the site of inflammation, limiting the systemic absorption and the potential side effects.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Topical aminosalicylate therapy is the most effective approach, provided that the formulation reaches the upper extent of the disease. Suppositories should be considered the treatment of choice for proctitis and distal sigmoiditis. A 1\u2003g Pentasa\u2010suppository once daily induces a quicker clinical and endoscopic remission and was better tolerated than a 500\u2010mg suppository twice daily. Enemas, foams and gel, thanks to their proximal spread, should be the treatment of choice for proctosigmoiditis and left\u2010sided colitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Oral aminosalicylates are less effective than topical therapies for patients with active disease; however, a combination of oral and topical aminosalicylates can be successfully tried in refractory patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Topical aminosalicylates also play an important role in the maintenance of remission, and the combination of oral plus rectal 5\u2010aminosalicylate is superior to the single agent. Patients who prefer not to continue on long\u2010term rectal therapy can be treated with oral aminosalicylates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03059.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]],"date-time":"2006-08-31T10:16:28Z","timestamp":1157019388000},"page":"41-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Review article: aminosalicylates for distal colitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"GIONCHETTI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"RIZZELLO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"MORSELLI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"TAMBASCO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"CAMPIERI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_2","first-page":"A711","article-title":"Excellent outcome of first attack of ulcerative colitis in three regional cohorts","volume":"116","author":"Farrokh\u2010Yar F","year":"1999","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01312468"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-7158.1985.tb05058.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1997.126297000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00365.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0953-0673.1996.00327.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01308084"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1997.00183.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296108"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1999.00482.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.1995.tb00384.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.40.6.775"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-7-199304010-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02236902"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2000.00697.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_18_2","first-page":"1867","article-title":"A double\u2010blind comparison of oral versus rectal mesalamine versus combination therapy in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis","volume":"92","author":"Safdi M","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1999.00642.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.t01-1-01770.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529609004876"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1997.00259.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.01679.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-198808000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.40849.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.02180.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.2.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000544"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_29_2","first-page":"1143","article-title":"Combined therapy with 5\u2010aminosalicylic acid tablets and enemas for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis: a randomized double\u2010blind study","volume":"92","author":"D'Albasio G","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.09.017"}],"container-title":["Alimentary Pharmacology &amp; 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