{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T07:25:58Z","timestamp":1760081158694},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,7]],"date-time":"2006-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1165449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>NOD2\/CARD15 gene variants have not been universally associated with stricturing behaviour in Crohn's disease. Other behaviour modifying genes could explain these results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the combined influence of NOD2\/CARD15 variants and 4G\/4G genotype of type\u20101 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI\u20101) gene on Crohn's disease behaviour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and seventy Crohn's disease patients were studied prospectively, with a mean follow\u2010up of 7\u00b1\u20036\u2003years. Disease behaviour was registered by using two criteria: the Vienna classification and a non\u2010hierarchical classification based on the behavioural Vienna categories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the multivariate analysis for stricturing behaviour according to the Vienna categories, only absence of colonic disease (OR, 4.0; 95% CI: 1.49\u201311.1; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.006) was an independent predictive factor. However, in the multivariate analysis for stricturing disease applying a non\u2010hierarchical criteria, ileal disease (OR, 4.19; 95% CI: 1.30\u201313.5; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.01), and carrying both NOD2\/CARD15 variants and the 4G\/4G PAI\u20101 genotype (OR, 5.02; 95% CI: 1.44\u201317.48; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.01) were independent predictive factors. In the multivariate analysis for penetrating behaviour, the 4G\/4G PAI\u20101 (OR, 3.10; 95% CI: 1.54\u20136.23; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.001) and male sex (OR, 2.44; 95% CI: 1.30\u20134.60; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.005) were independent predictive factors irrespective of criteria applied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined PAI\u20101 and NOD2\/CARD15 genotyping predict complicated Crohn's disease. Patients with these variants could benefit from early interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.03208.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,23]],"date-time":"2010-07-23T12:44:28Z","timestamp":1279889068000},"page":"429-440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Combined type\u20101 plasminogen activator inhibitor and NOD2\/CARD15 genotyping predicts complicated Crohn's disease behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"ALVAREZ\u2010LOBOS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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