{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T10:57:51Z","timestamp":1779879471217,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]],"date-time":"2004-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mithridatium and the related product Theriac were both regarded from the time of their original formulations in the 2nd Century BC and the 1st Century AD respectively, until the mid 18th Century as universal panaceas. Any failure of these products to achieve the desired therapeutic result was attributed to defective composition or manufacture. As a result measures were introduced to ensure the quality of ingredients used in these products composition, the establishment of standard formulations and assurance of the competence of the manufacturer. Manufacture frequently was required to take place in public.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Doubts about the efficacy of these panaceas arose in the mid 18th century and concerns of the adverse nature of interactions between the numerous ingredients surfaced in Heberden's treatise of 1745, as result of which these products disappeared from Editions of The London Pharmacopoeia after 1746. Subsequently, arising from these concerns for safety and efficacy, a call was made in 1799 for the establishment of a Public Committee of eminent physicians to scrutinise all new products prior to their launch to an gullible public. The concepts developed in the history of Mithridatium form the basis of modern medicines regulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2004.02147.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,23]],"date-time":"2004-08-23T18:45:19Z","timestamp":1093286719000},"page":"317-325","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Venetian treacle and the foundation of medicines regulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"J. P.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","first-page":"662","volume-title":"Chambers Biographical Dictionary. The Great of All Nations and All Times.","author":"Geddie WM","year":"1926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","volume-title":"Theriac and Mithridatium. 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London:John Bill and Christopher Barker 1665."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","first-page":"43","volume-title":"Journal of the Plague Year 1722.","author":"Daniel Defoe.","year":"1960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","first-page":"485","volume-title":"History of the Royal College of Physicians of London","author":"Clark GA","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","unstructured":"Royal College of Physicians of London.Visitation of Apothecary Chymist and Druggist Shoppes.Three Volumes 1 1724\u20131731 II 1732\u20131747 III 1748\u20131754 (The final volume also contains records of four visitations made on 14 April 21 June and 10 August 1756 at which William Heberden was one of the four Censors and the last recorded visit of 9 June 1757)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"At the Sign of the Plough, Allen and Hanburys and the British Pharmaceutical Industry.","author":"Tweedale G","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","first-page":"718","article-title":"State of London chemist shops in the 18th and early 19th centuries","volume":"163","author":"Dobson L","year":"1955","journal-title":"Chemist Druggist"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","article-title":"Antitherica \u2013 an essay on Mithridatium and Theriaca","volume":"112","author":"Heberden W","year":"1745","journal-title":"R Coll Phys tracts"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","volume-title":"William Heberden \u2013 Physician of the Age of Reason. 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