{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T17:34:25Z","timestamp":1790184865656,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,22]],"date-time":"2006-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p> <jats:bold>What is already known about this subject<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2002Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a major cause of morbidity in older patients and represent a major burden on healthcare.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2002The rate of ADR\u2010related hospital stays in older people in Western Australia (WA) increased fivefold from 1981 to 2002.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2002Little information is available regarding repeated ADRs in the elderly and the drugs most responsible.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>What this study adds<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2002Repeat ADR\u2010related hospitalizations have consistently increased faster than first\u2010time ADRs in the elderly in WA from 1980 and had reached 30.3% of all ADRs by 2003.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2002The mean time interval declined with each successive repeat ADR and the most common repeat ADRs were nausea and vomiting, haemorrhage due to anticoagulants, drug\u2010induce osteoporosis and poisoning by cardiovascular agents.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022\u2002Strategies to ensure the safer use cardiovascular agents, corticoids, nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs, opioids and, in particular, anticoagulants, in this population are warranted.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim<\/jats:bold> To examine trends in the rate of repeat adverse drug reactions (ADRs) causing hospitalization in older Australians and to identify the most common ADRs and drugs most often implicated in repeat and first\u2010time ADRs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of routinely collected hospital record administrative data, with International Classification of Diseases external cause codes for ADRs extracted from the Western Australia (WA) Hospital Morbidity Data System and WA Death Register, for people aged \u226560 years in 1980\u20132003.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 37\u2003296 people aged \u226560 years with an ADR\u2010related hospitalization were identified. Among them, 6853 (18.4%) patients had 10\u2003212 repeat ADRs. Repeat ADRs consistently increased from 1980 and reached 30.3% of all ADRs by 2003. The mean time interval declined with each successive repeat ADR (810, 606 and 299 days for the first, second and higher ranked repeat episodes, respectively). The most common repeat ADRs were nausea\/vomiting (8.0%), haemorrhage due to anticoagulants (5.5%), drug\u2010induced osteoporosis (4.8%) and poisoning by cardiovascular agents (3.9%). The drugs most often involved in repeat ADRs were cardiovascular agents (15.6%), antineoplastic drugs (11.0%), corticoids (10.1%), anticoagulants (8.6%), antirheumatics\/nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (5.1%) and opioids (4.9%). The trends of anticoagulants and antineoplastic drugs implicated in repeat ADRs were still rising at the end of the study. The specific drug classes involved in repeat ADRs differed in relative importance from first\u2010time ADRs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Repeat ADR\u2010related hospitalizations have consistently increased in elderly Australians from 1980 to 2003. Strategies to ensure the safer use of medicines, in particular anticoagulants, in this population are warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2006.02839.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,22]],"date-time":"2006-12-22T11:56:25Z","timestamp":1166788585000},"page":"163-170","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Repeat adverse drug reactions causing hospitalization in older Australians: a population\u2010based longitudinal study 1980\u20132003"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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