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It has been well demonstrated that helper, non\u2010cytotoxic CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells are important for the induction and maintenance of anti\u2010tumour immunity exerted by cytotoxic CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells. In contrast, the existence of direct anti\u2010tumour, effector cytotoxic CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells remains elusive, mainly due to the paucity of reliable experimental data, especially in human B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin lymphomas. This study developed an appropriate, autologous follicular B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin follicular lymphoma model, including the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> establishment of a malignant, human leucocyte antigen class I (HLA\u2010I) deficient B\u2010cell line, and the generation of three autologous anti\u2010tumour cytotoxic CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T\u2010cell clones originating from the peripheral blood of the same patient. These three clones were considered as tumour specific, because they were capable of killing the malignant, HLA\u2010I\u2010deficient B\u2010cell line through a classical HLA\u2010II restricted perforin\u2010mediated pathway, but did not lyse the Epstein\u2013Barr virus\u2010infected autologous normal B lymphocytes. All three CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>clones were T\u2010cell receptor V<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>17\u2010D<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1\u2010J<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1\u00b72 and exhibited an identical complementarity\u2010determining region 3, suggesting the immunodominance of a single peptide antigen presented by tumour cells. Such lymphoma models would provide a useful tool for <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> expansion and the adoptive transfer of selected CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cytotoxic cells in immunotherapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06294.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,19]],"date-time":"2006-09-19T13:17:54Z","timestamp":1158671874000},"page":"324-335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development of autologous cytotoxic CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T clones in a human model of B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin follicular 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