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Twenty\u2010five patients with acute refractory\/relapsing idiopathic TTP received rituximab in conjunction with PEX because of progressive clinical disease or deterioration in laboratory parameters, despite intensive standard therapy. In relapsing TTP, rituximab was started if antibody to ADAMTS\u201013 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif\u201013) was demonstrated during previous episodes. All 25 patients attained complete clinical and laboratory remission in a median of 11\u2003d after initiating rituximab. In 21 cases, ADAMTS\u201013 activity was within the normal range following rituximab. Inhibitors were detected in 24\/25 patients by mixing studies and\/or immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to ADAMTS\u201013 pre\u2010rituximab. There was no evidence of inhibitors and\/or IgG activity &lt;10% in 23\/25 patients following rituximab. In acute refractory cases, the median number of PEX pre\u2010rituximab and following the first rituximab infusion was 13 and 9, respectively. There have been no infectious complications, despite low CD 19 levels and no relapses. In patients with acute refractory\/relapsing idiopathic TTP, rituximab appears to be a safe, effective, targeted therapy with a significant reduction in the requirement for PEX.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2006.06448.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,21]],"date-time":"2006-12-21T11:36:32Z","timestamp":1166700992000},"page":"451-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":230,"title":["Remission in acute refractory and relapsing thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura following rituximab is associated with a reduction in IgG antibodies to 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