{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:10:48Z","timestamp":1791173448299,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]],"date-time":"2004-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1094169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> The allergological relevance of <jats:italic>Ambrosia<\/jats:italic> in Europe is growing but the efficacy of the injective immunotherapy for this allergen has been documented only in Northern America.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> We sought to study the safety and efficacy of injective immunotherapy in European patients sensitized to <jats:italic>Ambrosia artemisiifolia<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Thirty\u2010two patients (18 M\/14 F, mean age 36.78, range 23\u201360 years) suffering from rhinoconjunctivitis and\/or asthma and sensitized to <jats:italic>Ambrosia<\/jats:italic> were enrolled and randomized in a double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled (DBPC) study lasting 1 year. A maintenance dose corresponding to 7.2\u2003\u03bcg of Amb a 1 was administered at 4\u2010week intervals after the build\u2010up. During the second and the third year, all patients were under active therapy in an open fashion. Symptom and medication scores, skin reactivity to <jats:italic>Ambrosia<\/jats:italic> (parallel line biological assay), and pollen counts were assessed throughout the trial.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010three patients completed the trial. No severe adverse event was observed. During the DBPC phase, actively treated patients showed an improvement in asthmatic symptoms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.02) and drug (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.0068) scores days with asthmatic symptoms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.003), days with rhinitis symptoms (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.05), and days with intake of drugs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.0058), as compared to before therapy. No improvement for any of these parameters was detected in the placebo group. Moreover, the number of days with rhinitis and asthma was significantly higher in the placebo as compared to the active group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.048 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.0001, respectively). Patients who switched from placebo to active therapy improved in rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, and drug intake. The skin reactivity decreased significantly (12.2\u2010fold, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.0001) in the active group whereas a slight increase (1.07\u2010fold, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.87) was observed in the placebo group after the DBPC phase. After switching to active therapy, patients previously under placebo showed a significant decrease of this parameter (4.78\u2010fold, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.002).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Injective immunotherapy is safe and clinically effective in European patients sensitized to <jats:italic>Ambrosia<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02056.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]],"date-time":"2004-09-03T09:41:42Z","timestamp":1094204502000},"page":"1408-1414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy with a biologically standardized extract of <i>Ambrosia artemisiifolia<\/i> pollen: a double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Mirone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Tosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Mocchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Mosca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Giorgino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Pecora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Parmiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Ortolani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03932.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"112","article-title":"L'Ambrosia elatior nel Milanese. Adunanza del 14.02.1942","volume":"4","author":"Stucchi C.","year":"1942","journal-title":"Nuovo G Bot Ital"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"1063","article-title":"Birch and ragweed pollinosis north of Milan","volume":"57","author":"Asero R.","year":"2002","journal-title":"a model to investigate the effects of exposure to \u2018new\u2019 airborne allergens"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"87","article-title":"Ragweed in France and the Rhone\u2010Alpes region (Lyon, Bourgoin, Grenoble, Roussillon)","volume":"35","author":"Thibaudon M","year":"2003","journal-title":"Allergy Immunol (Paris)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","unstructured":"IspanoM CarreriV OrtolaniC. 4th report \u2018Salute ed ambiente in Lombardia\u2019. Milan: Lombardy Regional Public Health 2001:159\u201362."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"Pollinosi da Ambrosia Artemifolia in provincia di Milano","volume":"37","author":"Bottero P","year":"1990","journal-title":"Folia Allergol Immunol Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study of the role of antigen dosage in the treatment of pollenosis and pollen asthma","volume":"94","author":"Johnstone DE.","year":"1957","journal-title":"AMA J Dis Child"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy","volume":"54","author":"Bousquet J","year":"1998","journal-title":"therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. A WHO position paper"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00346517"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"325","article-title":"Different IgE reactivity profiles in birch pollen\u2010sensitive patients from six European populations revealed by recombinant allergens","volume":"128","author":"Moverare R","year":"2002","journal-title":"an imprint of local sensitization"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"558","article-title":"Allergen immunotherapy","volume":"102","author":"Bousquet J","year":"1998","journal-title":"therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. A WHO position paper"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1979.tb00484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1984.tb02236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"155","article-title":"New developments in in vitro methods Quantification of clinically relevant allergens in mass units","author":"Carreira J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arb Paul Ehrlich Inst Bundesamt Sera Impfstoffe Frankf A M"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"48","article-title":"Position paper","volume":"48","author":"Dreborg S","year":"1993","journal-title":"Allergen standardization and skin tests. The European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02552.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001186"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602223340804"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.118891"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(80)90158-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","first-page":"133","article-title":"Rinkel injection therapy","volume":"68","author":"Hirsch SR","year":"1981","journal-title":"a multicenter controlled study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(89)90325-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(89)90426-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","first-page":"855","article-title":"Effects of immunotherapy on the early, late, and rechallenge nasal reaction to provocation with allergen","volume":"87","author":"Iliopoulos O","year":"1991","journal-title":"changes in inflammatory mediators and cells"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199701303360502"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","first-page":"1912","article-title":"Immunotherapy for asthma","volume":"336","author":"Bousquet J","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","first-page":"2139","article-title":"Pro","volume":"164","author":"Bousquet J.","year":"2001","journal-title":"immunotherapy is clinically indicated in the management of allergic asthma"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(97)70240-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1990.tb03141.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2002.1o3532.x"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2004.02056.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02056.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T23:05:32Z","timestamp":1697238332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02056.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02056.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.02056.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]}}}