{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T12:25:11Z","timestamp":1789475111736,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,9]],"date-time":"2004-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1081468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> A number of allergenic proteins in peanut has been described and the relative importance of these allergens is yet to be determined.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> We have investigated the relevance of previously identified peanut allergens in well\u2010characterized peanut\u2010allergic patients by <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> assays.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Thirty\u2010two adult peanut\u2010allergic patients were included based on careful and standardized patient history and the presence of peanut\u2010specific IgE. The diagnosis peanut allergy was confirmed using double\u2010blind placebo\u2010controlled food challenges in 23 patients. Major peanut allergens Ara h1, Ara h2 and Ara h3 were purified from peanuts using ion\u2010exchange chromatography. IgE immunoblotting was performed and IgE\u2010cross\u2010linking capacity was examined by measuring histamine release (HR) after incubating patient basophils as well as passively sensitized basophils with several dilutions of the allergens. Intracutaneous tests (ICTs) using 10\u2010fold dilution steps of the purified allergens and crude peanut extract were performed.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Ara h2 was recognized most frequently (26 out of 32) in all tests and induced both positive skin tests and basophil degranulation at low concentrations, whereas Ara h1 and Ara h3 were recognized less frequently and reacted only at 100\u2010fold higher concentrations as analysed with HR and intracutaneous testing (ICT). Next to the three tested allergens, proteins with molecular weights of somewhat smaller than 15\u2003kDa were identified as a IgE\u2010binding proteins on immunoblot in the majority of the patients (20 out of 32).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> We conclude that Ara h2 is, for our patient group, the most important peanut allergen, and that previously unidentified peanut proteins with molecular weights of somewhat smaller than 15\u2003kDa may be important allergens as well. ICT in combination with basophil\u2013HR and IgE immunoblotting provides insight in the patient specificity towards the individual peanut allergens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2004.1923.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,9]],"date-time":"2004-04-09T14:13:58Z","timestamp":1081520038000},"page":"583-590","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":214,"title":["Relevance of Ara h1, Ara h2 and Ara h3 in peanut\u2010allergic patients, as determined by immunoglobulin E Western blotting, basophil\u2013histamine release and intracutaneous testing: Ara h2 is the most important peanut allergen"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"S.J.","family":"Koppelman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Wensing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ertmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.C.","family":"Knulst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.F.","family":"Knol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"669","article-title":"Food hypersensitivity and atopic dermatitis","author":"Sampson HA","year":"1985","journal-title":"evaluation of 113 patients"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"784","article-title":"Rising prevalence of allergy to peanut in children","volume":"110","author":"Grundy J","year":"2002","journal-title":"data from 2 sequential cohorts"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70224-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"596","article-title":"An evaluation of the sensitivity of subjects with peanut allergy to very low doses of peanut protein","volume":"100","author":"Hourihane JO","year":"1997","journal-title":"a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.129235"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(91)90325-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"118","article-title":"Characterization of Ara h1 by two\u2010dimensional electrophoresis immunoblot and recombinant techniques","volume":"113","author":"Becker WM.","year":"1997","journal-title":"new digestion experiments with peanuts imitating the gastrointestinal tract"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.22.13753"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.8.4770"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118216"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1997.t01-1-00334.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(92)90469-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000024203"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1997.9998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(96)80014-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5349"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"1144","article-title":"Peanut allergen Ara h3","volume":"58","author":"Koppelman SJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"isolation from peanuts and biochemical characterization"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770906609106941"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1993.tb04756.x","article-title":"Allergen standardisation of skin tests","volume":"48","author":"Dreborg S","year":"1993","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","article-title":"Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4","volume":"227","author":"Laemmli UK.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.9.3447","article-title":"Metabolic comparison between basophils and other leukocytes from human blood","volume":"136","author":"De Boer M","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.131.4.1949","article-title":"Dissociation of IgE from receptors on human basophils. 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