{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:54:45Z","timestamp":1788580485143,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,17]],"date-time":"2005-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1116288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Through its powerful immunoregulatory effects, infection with atypical mycobacteria may exert a protective effect on the development of childhood allergic disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> To examine the relationship between childhood atopy or allergic disease and previous infection with four species of atypical mycobacteria.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Eight hundred and six children aged 8\u201318 years and living in rural Crete \u2013 most of whom had had previous BCG immunization \u2013 underwent skin prick testing with 10 aeroallergens; their parents completed a standardized questionnaire relating to allergic disease. No less than 8 weeks later each child underwent intradermal skin tests with 0.1\u2003mL solutions of four selected mycobacterial reagents (Aviumin C, Gordonin, Chelonin and Ranin I).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010three percent of children were atopic on skin prick testing; far fewer had symptoms of asthma (5%) or hayfever in conjunction with a positive prick test to pollens (2%). Eighty percent of children had positive skin responses to one or more mycobacterial species. Among all children \u2013 and those with a BCG scar \u2013 there was no association between atopy or allergic symptoms and mycobacterial skin responses; among the few children without a BCG scar however those with positive mycobacterial responses were less likely to be atopic or to report allergic symptoms; these differences were not statistically significant.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Our findings, in a population of BCG\u2010immunized children, do not lend support to the suggestion that infection with atypical mycobacteria is protective against childhood allergic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2005.02230.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,17]],"date-time":"2005-05-17T10:46:39Z","timestamp":1116326799000},"page":"624-629","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Childhood atopy and allergic disease and skin test responses to environmental mycobacteria in rural Crete: a cross\u2010sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Bibakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Zekveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Dimitroulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Pedioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Gerakianaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fanourgiaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kokiadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Iliakou\u2010Bibakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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