{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T23:33:38Z","timestamp":1789774418279,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,24]],"date-time":"2006-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1140739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> is a proteolytic enzyme that is widely used as an anti\u2010inflammatory drug in Korea. We evaluated the prevalence of sensitization to Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> in association with respiratory allergy symptoms in exposed hospital personnel, and identified the IgE\u2010binding components in the Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> extract, using sera with high levels of specific IgE antibodies.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> A total of 154 hospital personnel (135 nurses and 19 pharmacists) who worked in a university hospital and 123 unexposed healthy control subjects were enrolled. A questionnaire was administered that addressed demographics, job category, history of atopic diseases, diverse symptoms including nasal and lower respiratory symptoms, and the association of symptoms with work. Skin prick tests (SPTs) to common aeroallergens and Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> extract were performed. Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2010specific IgE antibody was detected by ELISA, and ELISA inhibition tests were conducted. IgE\u2010binding components were identified by SDS\u2010PAGE and IgE immunoblotting.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Forty\u2010two subjects (27.3%) complained of work\u2010related respiratory symptoms (WRRS). Five nurses (3.7%) and one pharmacist (5.3%) had work\u2010related asthma symptoms, and 34 nurses (25.2%) and six pharmacists (31.6%) had work\u2010related rhinitis symptoms. The prevalence of sensitization to Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> on SPTs was 20.1%, and tended to be higher in pharmacists (31.6%) than in nurses (18.5%). It was estimated that 3.9\u20138.4% of hospital personnel had WRRS attributable to Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. The duration of exposure was longer in positive SPT responders than in negative responders (51.9\u00b127.5 vs. 39.2\u00b127.3 months, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05), and the prevalence of Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2010positive SPTs was significantly higher in subjects with asthma than in those without asthma (57.1% vs. 18.4%, respectively; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). The levels of Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2010specific IgE antibodies were significantly higher in pharmacists (76.1\u00b183.4 OD units) and nurses (56.3\u00b1103.0 OD units) than in normal controls (39.8\u00b112.7 OD units; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). Seven subjects (two pharmacists and five nurses) had high serum levels of Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\u2010specific IgE antibodies; six of these subjects had WRRS. ELISA inhibition tests were performed with the sera of these six subjects, revealing significant inhibition only with the addition of Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>. Four strongly staining protein bands (sizes: 36, 33, 16, and 10\u2003kDa) from Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> extract were observed to bind to the IgE antibodies of sensitized subjects.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Exposure to Empynase<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> powder may cause rhinitis and asthma in hospital personnel, and the pathogenic mechanism appears to be IgE mediated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02434.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,24]],"date-time":"2006-02-24T09:53:53Z","timestamp":1140774833000},"page":"352-358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sensitization to Empynase<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>(pronase B) in exposed hospital personnel and identification of the Empynase<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> allergen"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"J.\u2010W.","family":"Bahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.\u2010H.","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.\u2010H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010M.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010S.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"928","article-title":"Multiple IgE\u2010mediated sensitizations to enzymes after occupational exposure","volume":"52","author":"Zentner A","year":"1997","journal-title":"evaluation by skin prick test, RAST, and immunoblot"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(69)92166-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(69)92165-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"485","article-title":"Occupational respiratory risks in workers exposed to enzymes in detergents","volume":"13","author":"Laraqui C","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev Mal Respir"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jea.7500337"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"812","article-title":"Bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis associated with inhalation of pancreatic extracts","volume":"110","author":"Dolan TF","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(84)90513-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.54.10.762"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"225","article-title":"New occupational allergen in a pharmaceutical industry","volume":"78","author":"Park HS","year":"1997","journal-title":"serratial peptidase and lysozyme chloride"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"700","article-title":"Allergy to proteases in medical laboratory technician","volume":"104","author":"Kempf W","year":"1999","journal-title":"a new occupational disease?"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/JAS-120004918"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"1105","article-title":"Glutaraldehyde","volume":"54","author":"Stefano F","year":"1999","journal-title":"an occupational hazard in the hospital setting"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.151.1.7812572"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2002.124967"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/142.6_Pt_1.1359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.11.752"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Bacillus subtilis enzymes","volume":"27","author":"Juniper CP","year":"1977","journal-title":"a 7-year clinical, epidemiological and immunological study of an industrial allergen"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.1.8680668"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.158.5.9803055"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.53.10.670"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.51.9.589"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1971.03190040019005","article-title":"A study of workers exposed to detergent enzymes","volume":"217","author":"Weill H","year":"1971","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"671","article-title":"Allergy risk in an enzyme producing plant","volume":"54","author":"Johnsen CR","year":"1997","journal-title":"a retrospective follow up study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.57.2.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.290.6463.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1398-9995.2002.23636.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.4.2008011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"1222","article-title":"Incidence and determinants of IgE\u2010mediated sensitization in apprentices","volume":"162","author":"Gautrin D","year":"2000","journal-title":"a prospective study"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.13e33.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","first-page":"1033","article-title":"Occupational asthma and IgE sensitization in a pharmaceutical company processing psyllium","volume":"135","author":"Bardy JD","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am Rev Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.all.0000162303.59363.b4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8561(02)00083-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00047803"}],"container-title":["Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2006.02434.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02434.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T09:21:14Z","timestamp":1697188874000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02434.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,24]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02434.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02434.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,24]]}}}