{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T10:17:42Z","timestamp":1789899462076,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,1]],"date-time":"2006-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    We hypothesized that synthetic double\u2010stranded (ds)RNA may mimic viral infection and induce expression of genes related to inflammation in airway epithelial cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    We analysed what gene was up\u2010regulated by synthetic dsRNA poly I\u2003:\u2003C and then focused this study on the role of Toll\u2010like receptor 3 (TLR3), a receptor of dsRNA and its transcriptional pathway.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    Airway epithelial cell BEAS\u20102B and normal human bronchial epithelial cells were cultured\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Expression of targets RNA and protein were analysed by PCR and ELISA. Localization of TLR3 expression in the cells was analysed with flow cytometry. To analyse the role of TLR3 and transcription factors, knockdown of these genes was performed with short interfering RNA (siRNA).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    Real\u2010time PCR revealed that poly I\u2003:\u2003C significantly increased the expression of mRNAs for chemokines IP\u201010, RANTES, LARC, MIP\u20101\u03b1, IL\u20108, GRO\u2010\u03b1 and ENA\u201078 and cytokines IL\u20101\u03b2, GM\u2010CSF, IL\u20106 and the cell adhesion molecule ICAM\u20101 in both cell types. Increases in protein levels were also observed. Expression of these genes was significantly inhibited in BEAS\u20102B cells in which TLR3 expression was knocked down. However, pre\u2010treatment with anti\u2010TLR3 mAb, which interferes with the function of TLR3 expressed on the cell surface, did not inhibit the genes expression and these data were concordant with the results that TLR3 was expressed inside airway epithelial cells. The study of siRNA for NF\u2010\u03baB and IRF3 showed that they transduce the signal of poly I\u2003:\u2003C, but their roles were different in each target gene.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    TLR3 is expressed inside airway epithelial cells and transduces synthetic dsRNA signals. These signals may increase expression of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and ICAM\u20101 through activation of transcription factors NF\u2010\u03baB and\/or IRF3 in airway epithelial cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02530.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,2]],"date-time":"2006-08-02T11:32:04Z","timestamp":1154518324000},"page":"1049-1062","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Synthetic double\u2010stranded RNA induces multiple genes related to inflammation through Toll\u2010like receptor 3 depending on NF\u2010\u03baB and\/or IRF\u20103 in airway epithelial 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