{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T01:43:58Z","timestamp":1791423838642,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,9]],"date-time":"2007-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    Clinical studies indicate that maternal exposure to probiotic bacteria may protect from the development of allergic disease later in life.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of a perinatal\n                    <jats:italic>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) supplementation on the development of allergic disorders in offspring.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    Female BALB\/c mice received intragastric\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    every other day before conception, during pregnancy and lactation (perinatal supplementation group) or before conception and during pregnancy only (prenatal supplementation group). Cytokine expression of placental tissues was examined. Offspring of\n                    <jats:italic>LGG\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    supplemented and sham\u2010exposed mothers were sensitized to Ovalbumin (OVA), followed by aerosol allergen challenges. Development of experimental asthma was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, lung histology and lung function measurement. Cytokine production of splenic mononuclear cells was analysed following\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    stimulation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    Intestinal colonization with\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    was observed in mother mice only, but not in the offspring. However, a reduced expression of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u20105 as well as IL\u201010 was observed in mice derived from perinatally\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010supplemented mothers, whereas IL\u201013 and IL\u20104 expression remained unchanged. Moreover, in offspring of prenatally or perinatally\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010supplemented mothers allergic airway and peribronchial inflammation as well as goblet cell hyperplasia were significantly reduced as compared with mice derived from non\u2010supplemented mothers. In contrast, airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine was not affected. Exposure to\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    during pregnancy only shifted the placental cytokine expression pattern with a markedly increased TNF\u2010\u03b1 level.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our data suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>LGG<\/jats:italic>\n                    may exert beneficial effects on the development of experimental allergic asthma, when applied in a very early phase of life. Immunological effects are, at least in parts, mediated via the placenta, probably by induction of pro\u2010inflammatory cell signals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2007.02671.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,9]],"date-time":"2007-03-09T11:46:30Z","timestamp":1173440790000},"page":"348-357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Perinatal maternal application of\n                    <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG<\/i>\n                    suppresses allergic airway inflammation in mouse offspring"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Bl\u00fcmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Virna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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