{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:16:00Z","timestamp":1792088160465,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,15]],"date-time":"2007-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1181865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>Immunotherapy with anti\u2010IgE antibodies for treatment of allergy is promising but a short half\u2010life and extremely high cost limit its application.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>We sought to develop IgE vaccines that induce longer\u2010lasting auto\u2010antibodies to neutralize self\u2010IgE as an alternative therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>The vaccine was made by conjugating three synthetic peptides corresponding to human IgE receptor\u2010binding sites to a carrier, hepatitis B surface antigen. To test the immunogenicity of the vaccine, rats were immunized with the vaccine or hepatitis B surface antigen as control. Serum IgG titres to human IgE and the IgE of other species were measured. The inhibition by rat antisera of the binding of human IgE to its receptor was assessed by ELISA, flow cytometry analysis, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), and its ability to recognize receptor\u2010bound IgE was examined. The<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>effect of the vaccine was evaluated in trichosanthin\u2010sensitized mice and rats. In the preventative study, vaccination started before sensitization commenced, while in the treatment study, vaccination started after sensitization. Sensitized mice and rats receiving injections of the carrier served as controls. Trichosanthin\u2010specific IgE was measured using PCA.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>Sera from vaccine\u2010immunized rats contained high titre antibodies that reacted with soluble and plate\u2010bound but not with receptor\u2010bound human IgE; they also reacted with mouse, rat, and dog IgE. Furthermore, the sera inhibited the binding of human IgE to its receptor in a dose\u2010dependent manner. In preventative and treatment studies, serum trichosanthin\u2010specific IgE levels were significantly reduced in vaccinated groups compared with controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>Antibodies against self\u2010IgE can be induced by IgE peptide\u2010based vaccines, which are effective in preventing the increase of IgE and in down\u2010regulating IgE in sensitized animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2007.02741.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,16]],"date-time":"2007-06-16T13:55:52Z","timestamp":1182002152000},"page":"1040-1048","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Novel IgE peptide\u2010based vaccine prevents the increase of IgE and down\u2010regulates elevated IgE in rodents"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Z.","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Rector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Warrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"Mechanisms of IgE\u2010mediated hypersensitivity","volume":"1","author":"Ishizaka T.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Allergy: Princ Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2003.01209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(95)70175-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199110103251504"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.5.2623","article-title":"Humanization of an antibody directed against IgE","volume":"151","author":"Presta LG","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199912233412603"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.117880"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"132","article-title":"Omalizumab and the immune system","volume":"89","author":"Johansson SG","year":"2002","journal-title":"an overview of preclinical and clinical data"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62175-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022613"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"408","article-title":"Anti\u2010immunoglobulin E treatment with omalizumab in allergic diseases","volume":"35","author":"Holgate ST","year":"2005","journal-title":"an update on anti-inflammatory activity and clinical efficacy"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00770.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"1603","article-title":"Omalizumab","volume":"5","author":"Williams PB","year":"2005","journal-title":"a future innovation for treatment of severe ocular allergy?"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.06.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830240222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.01-0879fje"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-5855-2_47"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.07.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92963-I"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80551-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)47203-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)00037-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-5890(02)00035-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35018500"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","unstructured":"HermansonGT.Bioconjugate techniques. 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