{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T02:40:37Z","timestamp":1780108837105,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,2]],"date-time":"2009-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> The pathogenesis of nasal polyps is still unclear. There is increasing evidence indicating that <jats:italic>Staphylococcal aureus (S. aureus)<\/jats:italic> is associated with the formation of nasal polyps, but the mechanism has not been well documented to date.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> We stimulated cultured nasal polyps and turbinate tissues with <jats:italic>Staphylococcal exotoxin<\/jats:italic> B (SEB), detected the expression of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (IL\u20102, IL\u20106, and IL\u20108) and T cell cytokines (IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u20104, IL\u20105, IL\u201010, and IL\u201017) in the supernatants, and evaluated mRNA expression (T\u2010bet, GATA\u20103, Foxp3, and ROR\u03b3t) and frequencies of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T regulatory cells (Tregs) in nasal tissues. We also evaluated the effects of blocking IL\u20106 with monoclonal antibodies to T cell profiles in cultured nasal tissues stimulated by SEB.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Levels of IL\u20106, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20104 increased significantly in SEB\u2010stimulated nasal polyps. Meanwhile, mRNA expressions of T\u2010bet and GATA\u20103 were significantly up\u2010regulated, while Foxp3 was inhibited and the frequencies of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Tregs were decreased after SEB stimulation. After blocking IL\u20106, the levels of IL\u201010 and Foxp3 mRNA, as well as the frequencies of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> Tregs, were significantly increased, while IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20104 production and the mRNA expression of T\u2010bet and GATA\u20103 were significantly inhibited.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> SEB is able to modulate pro\u2010inflammatory factors, T\u2010helper type 1\/Th2 profiles and suppress Treg activity in cultured nasal polyps, which were rescued by blocking IL\u20106 activity. Therefore, IL\u20106 is essential for SEB\u2010induced Treg insufficiency in nasal polyps.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2009.03218.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,2]],"date-time":"2009-03-02T05:41:12Z","timestamp":1235972472000},"page":"829-837","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Interleukin\u20106 is essential for Staphylococcal exotoxin B\u2010induced T regulatory cell insufficiency in nasal polyps"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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