{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:27:52Z","timestamp":1791419272061,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,18]],"date-time":"2009-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1250553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> Food allergy has reached an epidemic level in westernized countries and although central mechanisms have been described, the variability associated with genetic diversity underscores the still unresolved complexity of these disorders.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> To develop models of food allergy and oral tolerance, both strictly induced by the intestinal route, and to compare antigen\u2010specific responses.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> BALB\/c mice were mucosally sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) in the presence of the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin, or tolerized by intra\u2010gastric administrations of OVA alone. Antibody titres and cytokines were determined by ELISA, and allergic status was determined through several physiologic parameters including decline in temperature, diarrhoea, mast cell degranulation and intestinal permeability.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> OVA\u2010specific antibodies (IgE, IgGs and IgA in serum and feces) were produced in sensitized mice exclusively. Upon intra\u2010gastric challenge with OVA, sensitized mice developed anaphylactic reactions associated with a decline of temperature, diarrhoea, degranulation of mast cells, which were only moderately recruited in the small intestine, and increased intestinal permeability. Cytokines produced by immune cells from sensitized mice included T\u2010helper type 2 cytokines (IL\u20105, IL\u201013), but also IL\u201010, IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u201017. In contrast, all markers of allergy were totally absent in tolerized animals, and yet the latter were protected from subsequent sensitization, demonstrating that oral tolerance took place efficiently.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/jats:bold> This work allows for the first time an appropriate comparison between sensitized and tolerized BALB\/c mice towards OVA. It highlights important differences from other models of allergy, and thus questions some of the generally accepted notions of allergic reactions, such as the protective role of IFN\u2010\u03b3, the importance of antigen\u2010specific secretory IgA and the role of mucosal mast cells in intestinal anaphylaxis. In addition, it suggests that IL\u201017 might be an effector cytokine in food allergy. Finally, it demonstrates that intestinal permeability towards the allergen is increased during challenge.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Cite this as<\/jats:italic>: C. Perrier, A.\u2010C. Thierry, A. Mercenier and B. Corth\u00e9sy, <jats:italic>Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy<\/jats:italic>, 2010 (40) 153\u2013162.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2009.03329.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,18]],"date-time":"2009-08-18T09:28:37Z","timestamp":1250587717000},"page":"153-162","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Allergen\u2010specific antibody and cytokine responses, mast cell reactivity and intestinal permeability upon oral challenge of sensitized and tolerized 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