{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:57:25Z","timestamp":1791115045521,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,22]],"date-time":"2010-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1266796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background<\/jats:bold>\n                    The mechanisms of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) are less well understood than those of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine the effects of grass\u2010pollen SLIT on oral mucosal immune cells, local regulatory cytokines, serum allergen\u2010specific antibody subclasses and B cell IgE\u2010facilitated allergen binding (IgE\u2010FAB).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>\n                    Biopsies from the sublingual mucosa of up to 14 SLIT\u2010treated atopics, nine placebo\u2010treated atopics and eight normal controls were examined for myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) (CD1c), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (CD303), mast cells (AA1), T cells (CD3) and Foxp3 using immunofluorescence microscopy. IL\u201010 and TGF\u2010\u03b2 mRNA expression were identified by\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization. Allergen\u2010specific IgG and IgA subclasses and serum inhibitory activity for binding of allergen\u2010IgE complexes to B cells (IgE\u2010FAB) were measured before, during and on the completion of SLIT.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    Foxp3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells were increased in the oral epithelium of SLIT\u2010 vs. placebo\u2010treated atopics (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.04). Greater numbers of subepithelial mDCs were present in placebo\u2010treated, but not in SLIT\u2010treated, atopics compared with normal controls (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.05). There were fewer subepithelial mast cells and greater epithelial T cells in SLIT\u2010 compared with placebo\u2010treated atopics (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.1 for both). IgG\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    and IgG\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    were increased following SLIT (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). Peak seasonal IgA\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    and IgA\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    were increased during SLIT (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05). There was a time\u2010dependent increase in serum inhibitory activity for IgE\u2010FAB in SLIT\u2010treated atopics.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions<\/jats:bold>\n                    SLIT with grass pollen extract is associated with increased Foxp3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells in the sublingual epithelium and systemic humoral changes as observed previously for SCIT.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Cite this as<\/jats:italic>\n                    : G. W. Scadding, M. H. Shamji, M. R. Jacobson, D. I. Lee, D. Wilson, M. T. Lima, L. Pitkin, C. Pilette, K. Nouri\u2010Aria and S. R. Durham,\n                    <jats:italic>Clinical &amp; Experimental Allergy<\/jats:italic>\n                    , 2010 (40) 598\u2013606.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2010.03462.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,22]],"date-time":"2010-02-22T01:20:36Z","timestamp":1266801636000},"page":"598-606","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":226,"title":["Sublingual grass pollen immunotherapy is associated with increases in sublingual Foxp3\u2010expressing cells and elevated allergen\u2010specific immunoglobulin G4, immunoglobulin A and serum inhibitory activity for immunoglobulin E\u2010facilitated allergen binding to B cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"G. W.","family":"Scadding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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