{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T21:12:13Z","timestamp":1712956333373},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,21]],"date-time":"2011-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Experimental Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>The breakdown of immune tolerance plays a critical role in allergic disorders; the mechanism of breaching immune tolerance remains largely unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Objective<\/jats:title>The present study aimed to investigate the role of S<\/jats:styled-content>taphylococcal enterotoxin B<\/jats:styled-content> (SEB<\/jats:styled-content>) in the interference of the immune tolerance in the nasal mucosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The immune tolerant components, tolerogenic dendritic cells (TolDC<\/jats:styled-content>) and regulatory T<\/jats:styled-content> cells (T<\/jats:styled-content>reg), were assessed in the surgically removed nasal mucosa from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR<\/jats:styled-content>) or non\u2010AR<\/jats:styled-content> chronic rhinitis. The contents of SEB<\/jats:styled-content> and integrin alphavbeta6 (avb6) in the nasal epithelium were assessed using enzyme\u2010linked immunoassay. The ability of avb6 on TolDC<\/jats:styled-content> induction and the effect of SEB<\/jats:styled-content> on suppression of avb6 in nasal epithelial cells were observed in cell culture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Compared with that in the non\u2010AR<\/jats:styled-content> nasal mucosa, the frequencies of TolDCs<\/jats:styled-content>\/T<\/jats:styled-content>regs were lower, the contents of SEB<\/jats:styled-content> were higher and the contents of avb6 were lower in the AR<\/jats:styled-content> nasal mucosa. Avb6 had the ability to induce the development of TolDC<\/jats:styled-content>s in vitro<\/jats:italic>; the latter had the ability to induce T<\/jats:styled-content>reg development. The expression of avb6 was detected in nasal epithelial cells in culture that could be suppressed by SEB<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions and clinical relevance<\/jats:title>The components of immune tolerance machinery, TolDC<\/jats:styled-content>s and T<\/jats:styled-content>regs were suppressed in the AR<\/jats:styled-content> nasal mucosa. The increases in SEB<\/jats:styled-content> and decreases in avb6 in nasal epithelium are associated with the compromises of immune tolerance in the nasal mucosa. SEB<\/jats:styled-content> has the ability to suppress the expression of avb6 in nasal epithelial cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03869.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,21]],"date-time":"2011-09-21T04:49:06Z","timestamp":1316580546000},"page":"375-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Staphylococcal enterotoxin B<\/scp> compromises the immune tolerant status in the airway mucosa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery The First Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery The First Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.\u2010L.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery The First Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010F.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery The First Hospital Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.\u2010C.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2004.00526.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2008.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21400"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.2010.02448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2005.00280.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2785"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-005-5131-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030152"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070590"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2010.03464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7961-4-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2008.09.002"}],"container-title":["Clinical & Experimental Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2222.2011.03869.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03869.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T22:03:31Z","timestamp":1695506611000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03869.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,21]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03869.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2011.03869.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-7894","1365-2222"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-7894","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2222","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,21]]}}}