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Presence of infant's health outcomes was documented through questionnaires at 6 and 14\u00a0months of age. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LC<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PUFA<\/jats:styled-content>s were measured in colostrum. Adjusted odds ratios (adj<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>) and 95% confidence intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In comparison with never breastfeeding, PBF for 4\u20136\u00a0months was associated with lower risk of wheezing (adj<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.53; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.32, 0.89), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LRTI<\/jats:styled-content>s (adj<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.51; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.31, 0.83) and atopic eczema (adj<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.58; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.32, 1.04) between months 7 and 14 of life. Results of a risk period\u2010specific analysis (restricted to infants at risk for outcome onset after 6\u00a0months of age), showed no indication for reverse causation (results were not very different compared with an overall analysis). Predominantly breastfeeding for 4\u20136\u00a0months was associated with lower risk of gastroenteritis during the first 6\u00a0months of life (adj<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.34; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 0.18, 0.64). Among breastfed infants higher doses of arachidonic acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content>), docosahexaenoic acid, and total n\u20103 in were associated with a decreased risk of gastroenteritis, but no association was found for allergic manifestations or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LRTI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Promotion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBF<\/jats:styled-content> for 4\u20136\u00a0months could reduce the burden of allergic manifestations and infections in infancy. Beneficial effects of breastfeeding on gastroenteritis were explained in part by exposure to higher doses of n\u20103 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AA<\/jats:styled-content> received from colostrum. No significant effects from fatty acid dose were found on risk of allergic manifestations or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LRTI<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2012.03969.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,28]],"date-time":"2012-01-28T15:15:26Z","timestamp":1327763726000},"page":"918-928","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Effects of prolonged breastfeeding and colostrum fatty acids on allergic manifestations and infections in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica Barcelona Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Esteban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica Barcelona Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Guxens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica Barcelona Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Arizona Respiratory Center Tucson AZ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mendez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM) Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica Barcelona Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Molt\u00f3\u2010Puigmart\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CIBER Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica Barcelona Catalonia Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of Pharmacy University of Barcelona Barcelona Catalonia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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