{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T08:06:24Z","timestamp":1771661184227,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,30]],"date-time":"2004-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The resistance to mousepox is correlated with the production of type I cytokines: interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. We intend to describe the modulation of generalized ectromelia virus (EV) infection with exogenous administration of mrIFN-\u03b3 and mrTNF-\u03b1 separately and in combination using susceptible BALB\/c mice. The treatment schemes presented resulted in the localization of the generalized EV infection and its development into non-fatal sloughing of the infected limb. This was accompanied by low virus titres in the treated mice due to control of systemic virus replication and virus clearance. The balance of type I versus type II cytokines was dominated by a type I response in the treated groups. The group treated with the combination of IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1 exhibited the best survival with Th1-dominant (IFN-\u03b3 and IL-12) cytokine profiles, whereas the TNF-\u03b1-treated group of mice was less successful in clearance of virus and demonstrated the lowest survival rate. The successful cytokine treatment schemes in this orthopoxvirus model system may have important implications in the treatment of viral diseases in humans and, in particular, of variola virus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02460.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,8]],"date-time":"2004-04-08T08:00:40Z","timestamp":1081411240000},"page":"207-214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Protective effect of exogenous recombinant mouse interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha on ectromelia virus infection in susceptible BALB\/c mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"A V","family":"ATRASHEUSKAYA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology \u2018Vector\u2019, Koltsovo, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E K","family":"BUKIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology \u2018Vector\u2019, Koltsovo, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T M","family":"FREDEKING","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antibody Systems Inc., Hurst, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G M","family":"IGNATYEV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology \u2018Vector\u2019, Koltsovo, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022011223185107100_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8460","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.18.8460-8471.2000","article-title":"Expression of secreted cytokine and chemokine inhibitors by ectromelia virus","volume":"74","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"J 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