{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:32:22Z","timestamp":1770352342216,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]],"date-time":"2004-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1093910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>To study the consequences of the interaction of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with dendritic cells in vitro, we established a model of the primary immune response using dendritic cells, autologous naive T cells and the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST 1). About 10% of the naive T cells express the T cell receptor chain V\u03b22. These cells were stimulated by TSST 1 and could be analysed by flow cytometry. Cultures infected with RSV produced significantly less interferon-\u03b3 compared to uninfected cultures. In a first set of experiments we evaluated whether this culture model using isolated CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells, in fact, reflects the primary immune response. In a prospective study, cells were isolated from 13 children at birth, at 1 year of age and at 4 years of age. RSV reduced interferon-\u03b3 production at all the age groups analysed and the results were stable over time within a given individual. In a second set of experiments, we asked whether clinical differences in the course of RSV infection are due to variations in the cellular immune response. At the age of 1\u2003year (5\u20139\u2003months after the RSV epidemic) dendritic cells and naive T cells were obtained from 27 children with a history of bronchiolitis, from 15 children with a benign course of RSV infection and from 26 controls without RSV infection. The frequency of interferon-\u03b3-producing cells in RSV infected cultures was significantly lower (P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030.001) in cultures from children with a history of RSV bronchiolitis compared to children with mild RSV infection. Cultures from children without infection displayed a wide range of results. Overall, interferon-\u03b3 generation in this group was still lower (P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030.05) than in the group with mild RSV infection. Because we have ruled out that memory cells play a role in the experiments performed, the most likely explanation for our results is that a high generation of interferon-\u03b3 in the primary immune response protects from severe RSV mediated disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02582.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,16]],"date-time":"2004-09-16T13:49:46Z","timestamp":1095342586000},"page":"102-109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Severe respiratory syncytial virus infections and reduced interferon-<i>\u03b3<\/i> generation <i>in vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"U","family":"SCHAUER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"HOFFJAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"ROTHOEFT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"BARTZ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"K\u00d6NIG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"FUCHS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"BITTSCHEIDT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"K\u00d6CHLING","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V","family":"STEPHAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010901425140200_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(1999)27:18+<141::AID-PPUL47>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"The role of viral and atypical 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