{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T07:50:54Z","timestamp":1789977054588,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,28]],"date-time":"2004-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1098921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although some information is available regarding immune activation in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), little is known about either peripheral blood T cell activation marker expression or the T cell proliferative response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). In the present study, we aimed to investigate the percentages of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, T cell expression of cellular activation markers (CD25, CD69, HLA-DR), the T cell response to PHA and serum levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and interleukin (IL)-10 in patients with FMF. Forty patients with FMF were enrolled into the study. Control groups were sex- and age-matched and consisted of 20 healthy blood donors and 15 patients with inactive Beh\u00e7et's disease. The patients with FMF in an attack period had higher levels of sIL-2R than those in an attack-free period, and also in comparison with both control groups. The levels of sIL-2R were also found to be higher in patients with FMF in an attack-free period than those in both control groups. The mean levels of IL-10 were found to be lower in patients with FMF in an attack-free period than those in an attack period and were also lower than those in the healthy controls. In an acute attack period, the absolute counts of CD3+HLA-DR+, CD4+CD69+, CD8+CD25+ and CD8+CD69+ T cells in peripheral blood samples were also higher than those in both control groups. Both the percentages and absolute counts of CD4+CD69+ T cells in peripheral blood samples of patients with FMF in an attack-free period were slightly but significantly higher than those in the healthy controls. In conclusion, our study indicates that the T cell system is abnormally activated in patients with FMF in both the attack and attack-free period and that decreased IL-10 levels may create a tendency to perpetuate subclinical immune activation in the attack-free period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2004.02632.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,15]],"date-time":"2004-11-15T19:14:48Z","timestamp":1100546088000},"page":"526-533","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Does immune activation continue during an attack-free period in familial Mediterranean fever?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"U","family":"MUSABAK","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"SENGUL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of 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