{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T19:31:34Z","timestamp":1792524694915,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]],"date-time":"2006-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1140048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) autoantibodies decline after gluten-free diet in patients with coeliac disease. We tested the hypothesis that gluten-free diet-induced change in tTG autoantibody levels affects subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Peripheral blood was obtained from 20 children with biopsy-proven active coeliac disease. Gluten-free diet was initiated and the children examined again after three and six months. tTG autoantibodies were measured in radioligand binding assays and lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. IgA-tTG levels at diagnosis, 2204\u2003U\/ml (median, range 113\u201324990), were reduced over six months to 76\u2003U\/ml (median, range 1\u20131261) (P\u2003&amp;lt;\u20030\u00b7001). At six months, 12\/20 (60%) children had reduced their IgA-tTG levels to &amp;lt;\u200a100\u2003U\/ml and these children showed a decrease in B cells (mean change \u22123\u00b78%, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b7014), CD4+ T cells (mean \u22124\u00b732%, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b7011) and CD4+ T cells expressing CD25high (mean change \u22120\u00b762%, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b7036). In contrast, the CD4+CD25highCCR4+ T cell population increased during the same period (mean change 11\u00b75%, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b70036). The decline in IgA-tTG levels correlated to the decrease in B cells (r\u2003=\u20030\u00b756, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b701), CD4+ T cells (r\u2003=\u20030\u00b766, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b7004) as well as CD4+CD25high T cells (r\u2003=\u20030\u00b759, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b701). A negative correlation was found between the decline in IgA-tTG and CD4+CD25high T cells expressing CD45RO (r\u2003=\u2003\u20130\u00b749, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b703) and CCR4 (r\u2003=\u2003\u20130\u00b754, P\u2003=\u20030\u00b701). This is the first observational study on the effect of gluten-free diet on concurrent changes of tTG autoantibodies and specific peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets. Our data suggest that flow cytometry may be a useful complement to tTG autoantibodies when studying the effects of gluten-free diet in children with coeliac disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03036.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]],"date-time":"2006-02-16T11:37:06Z","timestamp":1140089826000},"page":"67-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Reduction of tissue transglutaminase autoantibody levels by gluten-free diet is associated with changes in subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with newly diagnosed coeliac disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"144","author":[{"given":"D","family":"Agardh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Diabetes and Coeliac Disease"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences\/Paediatrics, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Diabetes and Coeliac Disease"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences\/Paediatrics, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Brundin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Diabetes and Coeliac Disease"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences\/Paediatrics, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S-A","family":"Ivarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences\/Paediatrics, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c5","family":"Lernmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Diabetes and Coeliac Disease"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences\/Paediatrics, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"RH Williams Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C M","family":"Cilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences\/Paediatrics, Lund University, Malm\u00f6, Sweden"},{"name":"Cellular Autoimmunity Unit, University Hospital MAS"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010518592188600_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91819-P","article-title":"Gluten, major histocompability complex and small intestine","volume":"102","author":"Marsh","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2022010518592188600_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.53","article-title":"Molecular basis of celiac disease","volume":"18","author":"Sollid","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev 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