{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:21:35Z","timestamp":1762100495335},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,5]],"date-time":"2006-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1146787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Paediatric studies may provide important insights into the immunopathology of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, as mucosal changes reflect different stages of the immunoinflammatory response. We characterized, by quantitative immunohistochemistry, gastric mucosal lymphocyte phenotype and HLA-DR antigen expression and evaluated correlation with histopathology, in H. pylori-infected (Hp+ve) and uninfected children (Hp\u2013ve). In the infected group, lamina propria CD3+\u2003and IgA plasmocyte cell numbers were significantly higher and a trend for predominance of CD8+ over CD4+\u2003was observed both in epithelium and lamina propria. A correlation of inflammation score with lamina propria CD3+\u2003and CD4+ cell numbers and of CD45RO+ T lymphocytes with density of colonization was observed. The proportion of epithelial cells expressing HLA-DR antigen was significantly higher in the Hp+ve group and furthermore, glandular HLA-DR expression correlated with lamina propria CD3+ cell numbers, emphasizing the potential role of epithelial cells as antigen-presenting cells at this stage of infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03100.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,5]],"date-time":"2006-05-05T14:16:33Z","timestamp":1146838593000},"page":"13-20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mucosal lymphocyte subsets and HLA-DR antigen expression in paediatric <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>-associated gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"A I","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Gastrenterology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R M M","family":"Victorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Immunology Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Faculty of Medicine of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A M","family":"Palha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Santa Maria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Ruivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Santa Maria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Santa Maria, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010506332576700_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.bmb.a011661","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection: an overview","volume":"54","author":"Farthing","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.54.1.615","article-title":"The disease spectrum of Helicobacter pylori: the immunopathogenesis of gastroduodenal ulcer and gastric cancer","volume":"54","author":"Ernst","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"2022010506332576700_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2002.0160s1003.x","article-title":"Review article. natural history and epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"16","author":"Go","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199902000-00010","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori colonization in early life","volume":"45","author":"Thomas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b5","first-page":"361","article-title":"Transmission of Helicobacter pylori among siblings","volume":"9201","author":"Goodman","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b6","first-page":"59","article-title":"The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer disease","volume":"9","author":"Kuipers","year":"1995","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.1998.00009.x","article-title":"Review article: relationship between Helicobacter pylori, atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer","volume":"12","author":"Kuipers","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3109\/07853899509002480","article-title":"What are the specific features of Helicobacter pylori gastritis in children","volume":"27","author":"Ashorn","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00270-3","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori in the pediatric patient","volume":"22","author":"Drumm","year":"1993","journal-title":"Gastrenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S626","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200406002-00008","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer: Working Group Report of the Second World Congress of Pediatric Gastrenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition","volume":"39","author":"Drumm","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastrenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(97)80009-1","article-title":"How does Helicobacter pylori cause mucosal damage? The inflammatory response","volume":"113","author":"Ernst","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gastrenterology"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199905000-00005","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori in childhood: new insights into the immunopathogenesis of gastric disease and implications for managing infection in children","volume":"28","author":"Ernst","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastrenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(99)00029-2","article-title":"cagA gene and vacA alleles in Spanish Helicobacter pylori clinical isolates from patients at different ages","volume":"24","author":"Alarcon","year":"1999","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0865-3","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori virulence genotypes in Portuguese children and adults with gastroduodenal pathology","volume":"22","author":"Oleastro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2853","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.8.2853-2857.2000","article-title":"VacA genotypes in Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from children with and without duodenal ulcer in Brazil","volume":"38","author":"De Gusm\u00e3o","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"2022010506332576700_b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1996.22164003.x","article-title":"Gastric mucosal inflammatory responses to Helicobacter pylori","volume":"10","author":"Crabtree","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.27.6.642","article-title":"Systemic and local antibody responses to gastric Campylobacter pyloridis in non-ulcer dyspepsia","volume":"27","author":"Rathbone","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.47.1.61","article-title":"Interleukin-8 expression in Helicobacter pylori infected, normal, and neoplastic gastroduodenal mucosa","volume":"47","author":"Crabtree","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529409096833","article-title":"Mucosal tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-8 production in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"29","author":"Noah","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b20","first-page":"1150","article-title":"Interleukin-8 activity correlates with histological severity in Helicobacter pylori- associated antral gastritis","volume":"91","author":"Ando","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90009-8","article-title":"Expression of interleukin-8 and CD54 by human gastric epithelium after Helicobacter pylori infection in vitro","volume":"108","author":"Crowe","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.36.3.341","article-title":"Interferon gamma and interleukin-4 secreting cells in the gastric antrum in Helicobacter pylori positive and negative gastritis","volume":"36","author":"Kartunnen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5964","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.12.5964-5971.1998","article-title":"Local cytokine response in Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects","volume":"66","author":"Lindholm","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70531-1","article-title":"Lymphocytes in the human gastric mucosa during Helicobacter pylori have a T helper cell 1 phenotype","volume":"114","author":"Bamford","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830270723","article-title":"Different cytokine profile and antigen-specificity repertoire in Helicobacter pylori-specific T cell clones from the antrum of chronic gastritis patients with or without peptic ulcer","volume":"27","author":"D\u2019Elios","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-8244(03)00028-2","article-title":"Gastric mucosal cytokine responses in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients with gastritis and peptic ulcers. Association with inflammatory parameters and bacteria load","volume":"36","author":"Holck","year":"2003","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.10.1379","article-title":"Gastric T lymphocyte responses to Helicobacter pylori in patients with H. pylori colonisation","volume":"35","author":"Fan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b28","first-page":"215","article-title":"Local cellular immune response in Helicobacter pylori associated type B gastritis \u2013 selective increase of CD4\u00fe but not gamma delta T-cells in the immune response to H. pylori antigens","volume":"34","author":"Seifarth","year":"1996","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529609004870","article-title":"Characterization of lymphocytic infiltrates in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis","volume":"31","author":"Hatz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529850171639","article-title":"Characterization of lymphocytic subsets and cytokine production in gastric biopsy samples from Helicobacter pylori patients","volume":"33","author":"Agnihotri","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5543","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.11.5543-5546.1998","article-title":"Antrum- and corpus mucosa-infiltrating CD4(+) lymphocytes in Helicobacter pylori gastritis display a Th1 phenotype","volume":"66","author":"Sommer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91120-7","article-title":"Campylobacter pyloridis in children","volume":"1","author":"Cadranel","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01298868","article-title":"Unique features of Helicobacter pylori disease in children","volume":"36","author":"Hassal","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-199402000-00005","article-title":"Gastric mucosal cell densities in Helicobacter pylori-positive and negative dyspeptic children and healthy controls","volume":"18","author":"Ashorn","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastrenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1053\/adpa.2000.17871","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori gastritis in children and adults: a comparative histopathologic study","volume":"4","author":"Whitney","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Dign Pathol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2003.43","article-title":"Histopathology of gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-infected children from populations at high and low gastric cancer risk","volume":"34","author":"Bedoya","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(01)80130-4","article-title":"Expression of proinflammatory and Th1 but not Th2 cytokines is enhanced in gastric mucosa of Helicobacter pylori infected children","volume":"33","author":"Luzza","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200108000-00006","article-title":"2001. Proinflammatory cytokine expression in gastric tissue from children with Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis","volume":"33","author":"Guiraldes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastrenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-5378.2003.00176.x","article-title":"Intensity of inflammation,density of colonization and interleukin-8 response in the gastric mucosa of children infected with Helicobacter pylori","volume":"8","author":"Camorlinga-Ponce","year":"2003","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-5378.2003.00147.x","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori modulation of gastric and duodenal mucosa T cell cytokine secretions in children compared with adults","volume":"8","author":"Bomtems","year":"2003","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b41","first-page":"994","article-title":"A. Cytokine expression in pediatric H.pylori infection","volume":"12","author":"Lopes","year":"2005","journal-title":"CDLI"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2005.00313.x","article-title":"Increase of antigen-presenting cells in the gastric mucosa of Helicobacter pylori-infected children","volume":"10","author":"Krauss-Etschmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"Helicobacter"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199610000-00001","article-title":"Classification and grading of gastritis. The updated Sydney System. International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994","volume":"20","author":"Dixon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2747","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.11.2747","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of H. pylori in large multicenter trial: the MACH2 study","volume":"43","author":"M\u00e9graud","year":"1999","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1155\/1999\/142457","article-title":"Local and systemic antibody responses in humans with Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"13","author":"Blanchard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2705","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.6.2705-2712.1998","article-title":"Antibody-secreting cells in the stomachs of symptomatic ans asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects","volume":"66","author":"Mattsson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2999","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.5.2999-3006.2005","article-title":"B-cell and T-cell immune responses to experimental Helicobacter infection in humans","volume":"73","author":"Nurgalieva","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(89)90185-2","article-title":"Age-related changes in naive and memory CD4+ T cells in healthy human children","volume":"52","author":"Pirruccello","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00718611","article-title":"Epithelial HLA-DR expression and lymphocyte subsets in gastric mucosa in type B chronic gastritis","volume":"A413","author":"Papadimitriou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.57.3.827-832.1989","article-title":"Association of Campylobacter pylori with induced expression of class II transplantation antigens on gastric epithelial cells","volume":"57","author":"Engstrand","year":"1989","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.31.6.647","article-title":"Relation between T cell number and epithelial HLA class II expression quantified by image analysis in normal and inflamed human gastric mucosa","volume":"31","author":"Valnes","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1991.tb03755.x","article-title":"Gastric epithelial cells in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis express HLA-Dr but not ICAM-1","volume":"33","author":"Scheynius","year":"1991","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.3.315","article-title":"Characterization and quantification of mucosal cytokine that induces epithelial histocompatibility locus antigen-DR expression in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"33","author":"Lowes","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.45.1.30","article-title":"Association of Helicobacter pylori with HLA-DR antigen expression in gastritis","volume":"45","author":"Wee","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01164.x","article-title":"Expression of HLA-DR, costimulatory molecules B7\u20131, B7\u20132, intercellular adhesion molecule\u22121 (ICAM\u22121) and Fas ligand (FasL) on gastric epithelial cells in Helicobacter pylori gastritis; influence of H. pylori eradication","volume":"119","author":"Archimandritis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.8.1089","article-title":"Epithelial cells bearing class II molecules stimulate allogeneic human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes","volume":"33","author":"Hoang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2022010506332576700_b57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.10.1659","article-title":"The effect of class II major histocompatibility complex expression on adherence of Helicobacter pylori and induction of apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells: a mechanism for T helper cell type 1-mediated damage","volume":"187","author":"Fan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2249.2006.03100.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/145\/1\/13\/42072292\/j.1365-2249.2006.03100.x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/145\/1\/13\/42072292\/j.1365-2249.2006.03100.x.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]],"date-time":"2022-01-05T06:35:12Z","timestamp":1641364512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article\/145\/1\/13\/6458717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03100.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-2249","0009-9104"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-2249","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0009-9104","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,5,5]]}}}