{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T12:04:27Z","timestamp":1696939467671},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,16]],"date-time":"2006-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1150416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Protective immune responses to tuberculosis in man are primarily cell-mediated and require the interaction of specific T cells, cytokines and activated macrophages. In the present study, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv labelled with luciferase reporter enzyme was used to analyse the anti-mycobacterial immunity in man using an in vitro whole blood infection model. Peripheral blood samples obtained from M. bovis bacille Calmette\u2013Gu\u00e9rin (BCG)-vaccinated tuberculin-positive healthy volunteers (n = 23) were cultured with M. tuberculosis H37Rv reporter strain. The growth of bacteria in the whole blood cultures was monitored after 48 and 96 h of infection. The results showed that the growth of M. tuberculosis was significantly inhibited after 96\u2003h (P\u2003&amp;lt; 0\u00b7029) of culture. Among the cytokines studied, interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-12 were not detected at all, whereas low levels of interferon (IFN)-\u03b3 after 96\u2003h (0\u00b74\u2003IU\/ml) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 after 48 (135\u2003pg\/ml) and 96\u2003h (47\u2003pg\/ml) of culture were detected in the supernatants of whole blood infected with M. tuberculosis. The magnitude of bacterial growth correlated directly with the concentration of TNF-\u03b1 detected after 48\u2003h (r = 0\u00b7722) and 96\u2003h (r = 0\u00b7747) of culture (P\u2003\u2264\u20030\u00b70001 and P\u2003\u2264\u20030\u00b70001, respectively). However, the addition of monoclonal antibodies specific to TNF-\u03b1 and IFN-\u03b3 to the blood cultures did not alter mycobacterial growth indicating the role of other mechanisms\/factors in restricting the growth of M.\u2003tuberculosis in whole blood cultures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03133.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,16]],"date-time":"2006-06-16T10:30:53Z","timestamp":1150453853000},"page":"520-527","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Assessment of<i>in vitro<\/i>immunity to<i>M ycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>in a human peripheral blood infection model using a luciferase reporter construct of<i>M. tuberculosis<\/i>H37Rv"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"145","author":[{"given":"R","family":"Al-Attiyah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"El-Shazly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A S","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022010506233090400_b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.7.677","article-title":"Consensus statement. 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