{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:53:39Z","timestamp":1791341619905,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,8]],"date-time":"2006-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1154995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Macrophages\/monocytes and the proinflammatory mediators, such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1\u03b1 and MIP-1\u03b1, play a critical role in the progression of immunological disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease and Crohn\u2019s disease. In addition, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-\u03b17 (\u03b17nAChR) subunit is an essential regulator of inflammation. In this study, we evaluated the expression of the \u03b17nAChR subunit on human peripheral monocytes and the effect of nicotine on the production of these proinflammatory mediators by activated monocytes. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled \u03b1-bungarotoxin demonstrated the cell surface expression of the \u03b17nAchR subunit. Pretreatment with low-dose nicotine caused inhibition of TNF-\u03b1, PGE2, MIP-1\u03b1 and MIP-1\u03b1 production, and mRNA expression of TNF-\u03b1, MIP-1\u03b1 and MIP-1\u03b1 and COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated monocytes. These suppressive effects of nicotine were caused at the transcriptional level and were mediated through \u03b17nAChR. Nicotine suppressed the phosphorylation of I-\u03baB, and then inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-\u03baB. These immunosuppressive effects of nicotine may contribute to the regulation of some immune diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03169.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,8]],"date-time":"2006-08-08T18:45:39Z","timestamp":1155062739000},"page":"116-123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":264,"title":["Nicotine inhibits the production of proinflammatory mediators in human monocytes by suppression of I-\u03baB phosphorylation and nuclear factor-\u03baB transcriptional activity through nicotinic acetylcholine receptor \u03b17"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunology and Medicine, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Kurokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Immunology and Medicine, 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